महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-138, verse-12

अनुज्ञातः स गच्छेति भ्रात्रा ज्येष्ठेन भारत ।
जगाम तत्र यत्र स्म रुवन्ति जलचारिणः ॥१२॥

12. anujñātaḥ sa gaccheti bhrātrā jyeṣṭhena bhārata ,
jagāma tatra yatra sma ruvanti jalacāriṇaḥ.

12. anujñātaḥ saḥ gaccha iti bhrātrā jyeṣṭhena
bhārata jagāma tatra yatra sma ruvanti jalacāriṇaḥ

12. O Bhārata, having been told 'Go!' by his elder brother, he went to the place where aquatic creatures were crying.

Words meanings summery:

• अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed, commanded

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• गच्छ (gaccha) - go!

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates direct speech

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by the brother

• ज्येष्ठेन (jyeṣṭhena) - by the eldest, by the elder

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

• जगाम (jagāma) - he went

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• स्म (sma) - past tense marker for present verbs

• रुवन्ति (ruvanti) - they cry, they make sound

• जलचारिणः (jalacāriṇaḥ) - aquatic creatures, water-dwellers

Words meanings and morphology

अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed, commanded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anujñāta

anujñāta - permitted, consented to, allowed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √jñā with prefix anu, suffix -ta

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गच्छ (gaccha) - go!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates direct speech

(indeclinable)

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by the brother

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

ज्येष्ठेन (jyeṣṭhena) - by the eldest, by the elder

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, senior, chief, best

Note: Agrees with 'bhrātrā'.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a name of Arjuna or Yudhiṣṭhira

जगाम (jagāma) - he went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - past tense marker for present verbs

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'ruvanti' to indicate past continuous action.

रुवन्ति (ruvanti) - they cry, they make sound

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ru

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Combined with 'sma' to express past action.

जलचारिणः (jalacāriṇaḥ) - aquatic creatures, water-dwellers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jalacārin

jalacārin - moving in water, aquatic, a water-animal

Compound of jala and cārin (from √car)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+cārin)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, going, dwelling, behaving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root √car with suffix -in
  Root: car (class 1)