योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-88, verse-24

देशोऽयमसुखो रूक्षो जनैः पापिभिरावृतः ।
किं तद्गेहं गतप्रायं किं नाम मम बन्धवः ॥ २४ ॥

deśo'yamasukho rūkṣo janaiḥ pāpibhirāvṛtaḥ ,
kiṃ tadgehaṃ gataprāyaṃ kiṃ nāma mama bandhavaḥ 24

24. deśaḥ ayam asukhaḥ rūkṣaḥ janaiḥ pāpibhiḥ āvṛtaḥ
kim tat geham gataprāyam kim nāma mama bandhavaḥ

24. ayam deśaḥ asukhaḥ rūkṣaḥ pāpibhiḥ janaiḥ āvṛtaḥ
tat gataprāyam geham kim mama bandhavaḥ kim nāma

24. This land is joyless and harsh, enveloped by sinful people. What is that home which is almost lost? And what indeed are my relatives (bandhava) to me?

Words meanings summery:

• देशः (deśaḥ) - the land or region where the speaker is (country, region, place)

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• असुखः (asukhaḥ) - joyless, unhappy, unpleasant

• रूक्षः (rūkṣaḥ) - harsh, rough, dry, unkind

• जनैः (janaiḥ) - by people

• पापिभिः (pāpibhiḥ) - by sinful ones, by wicked people

• आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - the land is surrounded/filled with sinful people (covered, surrounded, enveloped, filled)

• किम् (kim) - (rhetorical question) 'what (sort of)?' or 'what good is...?' (what, why, how)

• तत् (tat) - that [particular] home (that, it)

• गेहम् (geham) - house, home, dwelling

• गतप्रायम् (gataprāyam) - the home is practically non-existent or ruined (almost gone, nearly perished, as if gone)

• किम् (kim) - (rhetorical question) 'what (are they to me)?' (what, why, how)

• नाम (nāma) - emphasizes the rhetorical question (indeed, by name, actually)

• मम (mama) - my, mine

• बन्धवः (bandhavaḥ) - relatives, kinsmen, friends

Words meanings and morphology

देशः (deśaḥ) - the land or region where the speaker is (country, region, place)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - country, region, place, spot

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with `deśaḥ`.

असुखः (asukhaḥ) - joyless, unhappy, unpleasant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asukha

asukha - joyless, unhappy, unpleasant, uncomfortable

Negation 'a' + 'sukha' (happiness)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sukha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `deśaḥ`.

रूक्षः (rūkṣaḥ) - harsh, rough, dry, unkind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rūkṣa

rūkṣa - harsh, rough, dry, unkind, ungracious

Root: rūkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `deśaḥ`.

जनैः (janaiḥ) - by people

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agent in passive construction (`āvṛtaḥ`).

पापिभिः (pāpibhiḥ) - by sinful ones, by wicked people

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāpin

pāpin - sinful, wicked, criminal; a sinner

Derived from 'pāpa' (sin)

Note: Agrees with `janaiḥ`.

आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - the land is surrounded/filled with sinful people (covered, surrounded, enveloped, filled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - covered, surrounded, enveloped, restrained, filled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vṛ (to cover, enclose) with upasarga 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies `deśaḥ`.

किम् (kim) - (rhetorical question) 'what (sort of)?' or 'what good is...?' (what, why, how)

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Used to form a rhetorical question.

तत् (tat) - that [particular] home (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to 'geham'.

गेहम् (geham) - house, home, dwelling

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of geha

geha - house, home, dwelling

Note: Subject of the rhetorical question.

गतप्रायम् (gataprāyam) - the home is practically non-existent or ruined (almost gone, nearly perished, as if gone)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gataprāya

gataprāya - almost gone, nearly perished, as if gone, approaching to go

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+prāya)

• gata – gone, past
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• prāya – going towards, approaching, almost, resembling
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'i' (to go) with 'pra'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `geham`.

किम् (kim) - (rhetorical question) 'what (are they to me)?' (what, why, how)

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Used to form a rhetorical question.

नाम (nāma) - emphasizes the rhetorical question (indeed, by name, actually)

(indeclinable)

Note: Here used as an indeclinable emphasizing particle.

मम (mama) - my, mine

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Note: Possessive.

बन्धवः (bandhavaḥ) - relatives, kinsmen, friends

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bandhava

bandhava - relative, kinsman, friend, connection

Root: bandh (class 1)

Note: Subject of the rhetorical question.