योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-66, verse-12

रात्रयो ध्याननिष्ठस्य गतास्तस्यैकविंशतिः ।
स तु वर्षसहस्त्रानी तथा चित्तेन भूतवान् ॥ १२ ॥

rātrayo dhyānaniṣṭhasya gatāstasyaikaviṃśatiḥ ,
sa tu varṣasahastrānī tathā cittena bhūtavān 12

12. rātrayaḥ dhyānaniṣṭhasya gatāḥ tasya ekaviṃśatiḥ
saḥ tu varṣasahasrāṇi tathā cittena bhūtavān

12. dhyānaniṣṭhasya tasya ekaviṃśatiḥ rātrayaḥ gatāḥ
tu saḥ cittena tathā varṣasahasrāṇi bhūtavān

12. For him, who is intent on meditation (dhyāna), twenty-one nights have passed. But with his mind, he has experienced them as if they were thousands of years.

Words meanings summery:

• रात्रयः (rātrayaḥ) - nights

• ध्याननिष्ठस्य (dhyānaniṣṭhasya) - of him who is intent on meditation (dhyāna) (of one devoted to meditation, of one intent on contemplation)

• गताः (gatāḥ) - passed (referring to nights) (gone, passed)

• तस्य (tasya) - for him (his, of him)

• एकविंशतिः (ekaviṁśatiḥ) - twenty-one

• सः (saḥ) - he (the mendicant) (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but, yet (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - thousands of years

• तथा (tathā) - as if, in such a way (thus, so, in that manner)

• चित्तेन (cittena) - with his mind (by the mind, with the mind)

• भूतवान् (bhūtavān) - has experienced, felt (has been, has become, experienced)

Words meanings and morphology

रात्रयः (rātrayaḥ) - nights

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rātri

rātri - night

ध्याननिष्ठस्य (dhyānaniṣṭhasya) - of him who is intent on meditation (dhyāna) (of one devoted to meditation, of one intent on contemplation)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhyānaniṣṭha

dhyānaniṣṭha - devoted to meditation, intent on contemplation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhyāna+niṣṭha)

• dhyāna – meditation, contemplation, deep thought (dhyāna)
  noun (neuter)
  From root dhyai (to contemplate)
  Root: dhyai (class 1)
• niṣṭha – standing in, abiding in, devoted to, intent on
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tasya.

गताः (gatāḥ) - passed (referring to nights) (gone, passed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of gata

gata - gone, passed, departed

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rātrayaḥ.

तस्य (tasya) - for him (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एकविंशतिः (ekaviṁśatiḥ) - twenty-one

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ekaviṃśati

ekaviṁśati - twenty-one

Compound of eka (one) + viṃśati (twenty)

Note: Treat as a singular feminine noun 'the number twenty-one'.

सः (saḥ) - he (the mendicant) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, yet (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - thousands of years

(noun)

neuter, plural of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound of varṣa (year) + sahasra (thousand)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions as an adverbial accusative here, indicating duration, or as a complement of bhūtavān.

तथा (tathā) - as if, in such a way (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

चित्तेन (cittena) - with his mind (by the mind, with the mind)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, thought, intellect

From root cit (to perceive, understand)

Root: cit (class 1)

भूतवान् (bhūtavān) - has experienced, felt (has been, has become, experienced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūtavat

bhū - to be, to become, to exist

Past Active Participle

Past active participle from root bhū (to be) with suffix -vat

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Behaves like an adjective but carries verbal tense/voice.