योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-49, verse-14

नामैवेदमविद्येति भ्रममात्रमसद्विदुः ।
न विद्यते या सा सत्या कीदृग्राम भवेत्किल ॥ १४ ॥

nāmaivedamavidyeti bhramamātramasadviduḥ ,
na vidyate yā sā satyā kīdṛgrāma bhavetkila 14

14. nāma eva idam avidyā iti bhrama mātram asat viduḥ
na vidyate yā sā satyā kīdṛk rāma bhavet kila

14. rāma idam nāma avidyā iti bhrama mātram asat
viduḥ yā na vidyate sā satyā kīdṛk bhavet kila

14. This very term "ignorance (avidyā)" is understood as merely an illusion, as something non-existent. How could that which does not exist be real (satya)? What kind of reality (satya) could that possibly be, O Rama?

Words meanings summery:

• नाम (nāma) - name, appellation, designation

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

• इदम् (idam) - this

• अविद्या (avidyā) - spiritual ignorance (avidyā) (ignorance, spiritual ignorance)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking direct speech or quotation

• भ्रम (bhrama) - error, delusion, illusion

• मात्रम् (mātram) - merely, only, just

• असत् (asat) - non-existent, unreal, false

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

• न (na) - not, no

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

• या (yā) - which (feminine)

• सा (sā) - that (feminine)

• सत्या (satyā) - real (satya) (real, true, existing)

• कीदृक् (kīdṛk) - of what kind, what sort of

• राम (rāma) - O Rama

• भवेत् (bhavet) - it would be, it should be

• किल (kila) - indeed, certainly, of course, a particle of emphasis or doubt

Words meanings and morphology

नाम (nāma) - name, appellation, designation

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, designation

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

अविद्या (avidyā) - spiritual ignorance (avidyā) (ignorance, spiritual ignorance)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avidyā

avidyā - ignorance, spiritual ignorance

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vidyā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vidyā – knowledge, learning
  noun (feminine)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking direct speech or quotation

(indeclinable)

भ्रम (bhrama) - error, delusion, illusion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrama

bhrama - error, delusion, illusion, wandering

Root: bhram (class 1)

मात्रम् (mātram) - merely, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here adverbially

असत् (asat) - non-existent, unreal, false

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• sat – existent, real, true
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  Root: as (class 2)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 4)

या (yā) - which (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

सा (sā) - that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

सत्या (satyā) - real (satya) (real, true, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of satya

satya - true, real, existent

Note: Agrees with yā and sā

कीदृक् (kīdṛk) - of what kind, what sort of

(adjective)

Nominative, singular of kīdṛś

kīdṛś - of what kind, what sort of

Note: Can take any gender; refers to 'satyā' here

राम (rāma) - O Rama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name), pleasing, black

भवेत् (bhavet) - it would be, it should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

किल (kila) - indeed, certainly, of course, a particle of emphasis or doubt

(indeclinable)