योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-49, verse-20

सर्वं ब्रह्मेति यो ब्रूयादप्रबुद्धस्य दुर्मतेः ।
स करोति सुहृद्वृत्त्या स्थाणोर्दुःखनिवेदनम् ॥ २० ॥

sarvaṃ brahmeti yo brūyādaprabuddhasya durmateḥ ,
sa karoti suhṛdvṛttyā sthāṇorduḥkhanivedanam 20

20. sarvam brahma iti yaḥ brūyāt aprabuddhasya durmateḥ
saḥ karoti suhṛdvṛttyā sthāṇoḥ duḥkhanivedanam

20. yaḥ aprabuddhasya durmateḥ sarvam brahma iti brūyāt
saḥ suhṛdvṛttyā sthāṇoḥ duḥkhanivedanam karoti

20. Whoever declares 'All is Brahman (brahman)' to an unenlightened individual (aprabuddha) with a foolish mind, even if acting out of friendship, is like someone announcing sorrow to a tree-stump, as the message will not be understood or appreciated.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire, everything

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the ultimate reality (brahman) (Brahman, the Absolute, the ultimate reality)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, marking direct speech

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, he who

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - would say, should say, might say

• अप्रबुद्धस्य (aprabuddhasya) - to an unenlightened individual (aprabuddha) (to the unenlightened one, of the unenlightened one)

• दुर्मतेः (durmateḥ) - with a foolish mind (of foolish mind, to the foolish-minded)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• करोति (karoti) - does, makes, performs

• सुहृद्वृत्त्या (suhṛdvṛttyā) - by the behavior of a friend, with friendly intent

• स्थाणोः (sthāṇoḥ) - of a tree-stump, of a lifeless object

• दुःखनिवेदनम् (duḥkhanivedanam) - announcement of sorrow, revelation of pain

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire, every, universal

Note: Part of the direct speech 'sarvam brahma'.

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the ultimate reality (brahman) (Brahman, the Absolute, the ultimate reality)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahman (brahman), the Absolute, the universal spirit, sacred word/knowledge

From root bṛh (to grow, expand).

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative in the quote.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, marking direct speech

(indeclinable)

Root: i (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

Relative pronoun, masculine singular nominative.

Note: Subject of brūyāt.

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - would say, should say, might say

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of brū

Optative Active

From root brū (class 2) in the optative mood.

Root: brū (class 2)

अप्रबुद्धस्य (aprabuddhasya) - to an unenlightened individual (aprabuddha) (to the unenlightened one, of the unenlightened one)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of aprabuddha

aprabuddha - unenlightened, unawakened, unconscious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root budh with prefix pra, then negated by 'a-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prabuddha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• prabuddha – awakened, enlightened
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from pra-budh
  Prefix: pra
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies durmateḥ. Dative of recipient.

दुर्मतेः (durmateḥ) - with a foolish mind (of foolish mind, to the foolish-minded)

(noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of durmati

durmati - foolish mind, evil intellect, bad thought

Compound of dur (bad) and mati (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+mati)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
  prefix
• mati – mind, thought, intellect, intention
  noun (feminine)
  from root man
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Dative of recipient.

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular nominative.

Note: Subject of karoti.

करोति (karoti) - does, makes, performs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Active Indicative

From root kṛ (class 8).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुहृद्वृत्त्या (suhṛdvṛttyā) - by the behavior of a friend, with friendly intent

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of suhṛdvṛtti

suhṛdvṛtti - friendly behavior, conduct of a friend

Compound of suhṛd (friend) and vṛtti (behavior).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suhṛd+vṛtti)

• suhṛd – friend, kind-hearted
  noun (masculine)
• vṛtti – conduct, behavior, course, livelihood
  noun (feminine)
  from root vṛt
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Indicates manner.

स्थाणोः (sthāṇoḥ) - of a tree-stump, of a lifeless object

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sthāṇu

sthāṇu - tree-stump, pillar, fixed, immoveable, Shiva (as a pillar)

From root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Possessive of duḥkhanivedanam.

दुःखनिवेदनम् (duḥkhanivedanam) - announcement of sorrow, revelation of pain

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkhanivedana

duḥkhanivedana - announcement of sorrow, conveying pain

Compound of duḥkha (suffering) and nivedana (announcement).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+nivedana)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness
  noun (neuter)
• nivedana – announcement, information, report
  noun (neuter)
  from ni-vid
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vid (class 6)