योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-23, verse-10

बलिरुवाच ।
आधिव्याधिविनिर्मुक्तः कः स देशो महामते ।
कथमासाद्यते चापि केन वाधिगतः प्रभो ॥ १० ॥

baliruvāca ,
ādhivyādhivinirmuktaḥ kaḥ sa deśo mahāmate ,
kathamāsādyate cāpi kena vādhigataḥ prabho 10

10. baliḥ uvāca | ādhi-vyādhi-vinirmuktaḥ kaḥ saḥ deśaḥ mahā-mate
| katham āsādyate ca api kena vā adhigataḥ prabho ||

10. mahā-mate prabho ādhi-vyādhi-vinirmuktaḥ saḥ kaḥ
deśaḥ ? ca api katham āsādyate ? vā kena adhigataḥ ?

10. Bali said: "O great-minded one, O lord, what is that place free from mental (ādhi) and physical ailments (vyādhi)? How is it attained, and by whom is it reached?"

Words meanings summery:

• बलिः (baliḥ) - The asura king Bali, the speaker (Bali)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आधि-व्याधि-विनिर्मुक्तः (ādhi-vyādhi-vinirmuktaḥ) - free from mental and physical ailments/distresses

• कः (kaḥ) - what (as in 'what kind of') (who, what)

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to the mentioned place) (that, he)

• देशः (deśaḥ) - place, region, country

• महा-मते (mahā-mate) - Addressing the interlocutor (e.g., Śukra or Vasiṣṭha in different contexts of the YV) (O great-minded one, O intelligent one)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• आसाद्यते (āsādyate) - is attained, is reached, is approached

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• केन (kena) - by whom (person) (by whom, by what)

• वा (vā) - or

• अधिगतः (adhigataḥ) - reached, found, attained (attained, reached, learned)

• प्रभो (prabho) - Addressing the interlocutor (e.g., Śukra or Vasiṣṭha) (O lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

बलिः (baliḥ) - The asura king Bali, the speaker (Bali)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bali

bali - an oblation, tribute, tax, offering; a proper name (King Bali)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of √vac

Perfect Active

Irregular perfect form from √vac

Root: √vac (class 2)

आधि-व्याधि-विनिर्मुक्तः (ādhi-vyādhi-vinirmuktaḥ) - free from mental and physical ailments/distresses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādhi-vyādhi-vinirmukta

ādhi-vyādhi-vinirmukta - released from mental (ādhi) and physical (vyādhi) distresses/diseases

Compound adjective describing the state of being free from ādhi (mental distress) and vyādhi (physical illness).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ādhi+vyādhi+vinirmukta)

• ādhi – mental anguish, distress, anxiety
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ā + √dhā (class 3)
• vyādhi – disease, sickness, ailment (physical)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: vi + ā + √dhā (class 3)
• vinirmukta – released, freed from, liberated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √muc (to free) with prefixes vi and nir.
  Prefixes: vi+nir
  Root: √muc (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'deśaḥ'

कः (kaḥ) - what (as in 'what kind of') (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to the mentioned place) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

देशः (deśaḥ) - place, region, country

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country, spot

Root: √diś (class 6)

महा-मते (mahā-mate) - Addressing the interlocutor (e.g., Śukra or Vasiṣṭha in different contexts of the YV) (O great-minded one, O intelligent one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahā-mat

mahā-mat - great-minded, highly intelligent, sagacious

Compound noun used as an adjective, here in vocative.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+mat)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  From 'mahat'.
• mat – mind, intellect, thought
  noun
  Often seen in compounds to mean 'having a mind/intellect'.
  Root: √man (class 4)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb

आसाद्यते (āsādyate) - is attained, is reached, is approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of āsādya

Present Passive

From √sad (to sit, go) with prefix ā, in passive voice, present tense.

Prefix: ā

Root: √sad (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/Particle

केन (kena) - by whom (person) (by whom, by what)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun

Note: Agent for passive verb 'adhigataḥ'

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

अधिगतः (adhigataḥ) - reached, found, attained (attained, reached, learned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhigata

adhigata - attained, acquired, understood, reached

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go) with prefix adhi.

Prefix: adhi

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'deśaḥ' implicitly

प्रभो (prabho) - Addressing the interlocutor (e.g., Śukra or Vasiṣṭha) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, ruler, mighty

From pra + √bhū (to be eminent)

Prefix: pra

Root: √bhū (class 1)

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