योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-12, verse-19

भोगैस्तैरेव तैरेव तुच्छैर्वयममी किल ।
पश्य जर्जरतां नीता वातैरिव गिरिद्रुमाः ॥ १९ ॥

bhogaistaireva taireva tucchairvayamamī kila ,
paśya jarjaratāṃ nītā vātairiva giridrumāḥ 19

19. bhogaiḥ taiḥ eva taiḥ eva tucchaiḥ vayam amī kila
paśya jarjaratām nītāḥ vātaiḥ iva giri-drumāḥ

19. Behold! We are indeed reduced to decrepitude by these very same trivial enjoyments, just as mountain trees are by strong winds.

19. ראה, אותם התענוגות הזעומים והחולפים שוב ושוב שוחקים אותנו עד עפר, כמו שרוחות עזות שוחקות את עצי ההרים.

Words meanings summery:

• भोगैः (bhogaiḥ) - by enjoyments, by experiences

• तैः (taiḥ) - Refers to bhogaiḥ. (by those)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'those very enjoyments'. (indeed, only, just)

• तैः (taiḥ) - Repetition emphasizes 'those very same ones'. (by those)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'those very same enjoyments'. (indeed, only, just)

• तुच्छैः (tucchaiḥ) - Describes the nature of the enjoyments as hollow or worthless. (by trivial, by insignificant, by paltry)

• वयम् (vayam) - Refers to the speaker and others in a similar predicament. (we)

• अमी (amī) - Refers to 'us' (vayam) or 'these ones (of us)'. (these, those)

• किल (kila) - Emphatic particle, affirming the statement. (indeed, verily, certainly)

• पश्य (paśya) - An exclamation to draw attention to the following comparison. (behold, see!)

• जर्जरताम् (jarjaratām) - to a state of decrepitude, worn-out condition

• नीताः (nītāḥ) - Brought to or reduced to decrepitude. (led, brought, reduced)

• वातैः (vātaiḥ) - The agent causing the decrepitude, in the simile. (by winds)

• इव (iva) - Introduces a simile. (like, as, as if)

• गिरि-द्रुमाः (giri-drumāḥ) - Trees on mountains, often exposed to harsh elements, thus easily worn out. (mountain trees)

Words meanings and morphology

भोगैः (bhogaiḥ) - by enjoyments, by experiences

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, experience, possession

From root bhuj.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

तैः (taiḥ) - Refers to bhogaiḥ. (by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agreement with bhogaiḥ.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'those very enjoyments'. (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

तैः (taiḥ) - Repetition emphasizes 'those very same ones'. (by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Repetition of taiḥ eva for emphasis.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'those very same enjoyments'. (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

तुच्छैः (tucchaiḥ) - Describes the nature of the enjoyments as hollow or worthless. (by trivial, by insignificant, by paltry)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tuccha

tuccha - empty, hollow, paltry, insignificant, trivial, worthless

वयम् (vayam) - Refers to the speaker and others in a similar predicament. (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

अमी (amī) - Refers to 'us' (vayam) or 'these ones (of us)'. (these, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adas

adas - that, those (distant, specific)

Note: Adjective modifying vayam (we).

किल (kila) - Emphatic particle, affirming the statement. (indeed, verily, certainly)

(indeclinable)

पश्य (paśya) - An exclamation to draw attention to the following comparison. (behold, see!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Present stem of dṛś is paśya.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

जर्जरताम् (jarjaratām) - to a state of decrepitude, worn-out condition

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jarjaratā

jarjaratā - decrepitude, worn-out condition, fragility

Formed from jarjara (decrepit) + tā (suffix for abstract noun).

नीताः (nītāḥ) - Brought to or reduced to decrepitude. (led, brought, reduced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nīta

nīta - led, brought, carried, reduced to

Past Passive Participle

From root nī.

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Functions as predicate adjective.

वातैः (vātaiḥ) - The agent causing the decrepitude, in the simile. (by winds)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vāta

vāta - wind, air

From root vā.

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Agent of the action.

इव (iva) - Introduces a simile. (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

गिरि-द्रुमाः (giri-drumāḥ) - Trees on mountains, often exposed to harsh elements, thus easily worn out. (mountain trees)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of giri-druma

giri-druma - mountain tree

Compound type : tatpurusha (giri+druma)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)

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