वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-19, verse-7

प्राह राजानमासाद्य युद्धं मे संप्रदीयताम् ।
निर्जितो ऽस्मीति वा ब्रूहि ममैतदिह शासनम् ॥७॥

7. prāha rājānamāsādya yuddhaṃ me saṃpradīyatām ,
nirjito'smīti vā brūhi mamaitadiha śāsanam.

7. prāha rājānam āsādya yuddham me saṃpradīyatām
nirjitaḥ asmi iti vā brūhi mama etat iha śāsanam

7. rājānam āsādya prāha me yuddham saṃpradīyatām vā
nirjitaḥ asmi iti brūhi etat mama iha śāsanam

7. Having approached the king, he said, 'Grant me battle, or else declare, "I am defeated." This is my command here.'

Words meanings summery:

• प्राह (prāha) - he said, he spoke

• राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having reached

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• संप्रदीयताम् (saṁpradīyatām) - let it be given, let it be granted

• निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - defeated, conquered

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• इति (iti) - quotation marker (thus, in this manner)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - say, speak

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• एतत् (etat) - this

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• शासनम् (śāsanam) - command, rule, instruction

Words meanings and morphology

प्राह (prāha) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pra-ah

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect form of the root ah (alternatively brū) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Implied subject is 'he'.

राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Object of the action 'approached'.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root sad with prefix ā, ending in -ya

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Derived from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'saṃpradīyatām'.

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Indirect object of 'saṃpradīyatām'.

संप्रदीयताम् (saṁpradīyatām) - let it be given, let it be granted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (lot) of sam-pra-dā

Imperative Passive

Root dā with prefixes sam and pra in passive voice, ātmanepada form

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dā (class 3)

निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - defeated, conquered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirjita

nirjita - defeated, conquered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ji with prefix nir

Prefix: nir

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective with 'asmi'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Active

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula.

इति (iti) - quotation marker (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects two alternatives.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - say, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of brū

Imperative Active

Root brū (2nd conj. verb) in imperative 2nd singular form

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Implied subject is 'you' (the king).

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Possessive for 'śāsanam'.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to the command being given.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

शासनम् (śāsanam) - command, rule, instruction

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śāsana

śāsana - command, rule, instruction, governance

Derived from root śās (to command, to rule)

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

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