वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-19, verse-6

अथायोध्यां समासाद्य रावणो राक्षसाधिपः ।
सुगुप्तामनरण्येन शक्रेणेवामरावतीम् ॥६॥

6. athāyodhyāṃ samāsādya rāvaṇo rākṣasādhipaḥ ,
suguptāmanaraṇyena śakreṇevāmarāvatīm.

6. atha ayodhyām samāsādya rāvaṇaḥ rākṣasa-adhipaḥ
su-guptām anaraṇyena śakreṇa iva amarāvatīm

6. Then, having reached Ayodhya, Ravana, the king of the Rākṣasas, found it well-protected by Anaranya, just like Amaravati is protected by Śakra (Indra).

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - the city of Ayodhya (Ayodhya (accusative))

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having approached, having obtained

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (proper noun)

• राक्षस-अधिपः (rākṣasa-adhipaḥ) - king of Rākṣasas, lord of demons

• सु-गुप्ताम् (su-guptām) - well-protected, very well guarded

• अनरण्येन (anaraṇyena) - by Anaranya (proper noun, instrumental)

• शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - by Indra, the king of gods (by Śakra (Indra), by the powerful one (instrumental))

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अमरावतीम् (amarāvatīm) - the city of Amaravati, Indra's capital (Amaravati (accusative))

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - the city of Ayodhya (Ayodhya (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhya (name of an ancient city, capital of Kosala); unconquerable, unconquered

From a (not) + √yudh (to fight) + ya suffix.

Prefix: a

Root: √yudh (class 4)

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having approached, having obtained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √sad (to sit, to go) with prefixes sam-ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: √sad (class 1)

Note: Follows the prefix.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (name of the ten-headed demon king of Lankā)

From root √ru (to cry out) + suffix -ana, meaning 'one who causes crying/roaring'.

Root: √ru (class 2)

राक्षस-अधिपः (rākṣasa-adhipaḥ) - king of Rākṣasas, lord of demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasādhipa

rākṣasādhipa - lord of Rākṣasas, king of demons

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+adhipa)

• rākṣasa – demon, Rākṣasa (a class of evil beings)
  noun (masculine)
  From √rakṣ (to protect, guard) or related to rākṣas (evil being)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, king
  noun (masculine)
  From adhi-√pā (to protect, rule)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: √pā (class 2)

सु-गुप्ताम् (su-guptām) - well-protected, very well guarded

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sugupta

sugupta - well-protected, well-guarded, very secret

Past Passive Participle

From su (good/well) + gupta (protected, P.P.P. of √gup)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+gupta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence or ease
• gupta – protected, hidden, secret
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √gup (to protect, to hide)
  Root: √gup (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ayodhyām'.

अनरण्येन (anaraṇyena) - by Anaranya (proper noun, instrumental)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anaraṇya

anaraṇya - Anaranya (name of a king of Ayodhya, famous for fighting Ravana)

From a (not) + araṇya (forest), implying he is not from the forest, or an ancient king's name.

Note: Indicates agent.

शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - by Indra, the king of gods (by Śakra (Indra), by the powerful one (instrumental))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Śakra (name of Indra, king of gods); mighty, powerful

From root √śak (to be able, powerful) + ra suffix.

Root: √śak (class 5)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

अमरावतीम् (amarāvatīm) - the city of Amaravati, Indra's capital (Amaravati (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of amarāvatī

amarāvatī - Amaravati (the capital city of Indra, king of the gods)

Lit. 'possessing immortals'.

Note: The city being compared to Ayodhya.