वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-19, verse-3

निर्जिताः स्मेति वा ब्रूत एषो हि मम निश्चयः ।
अन्यथा कुर्वतामेवं मोक्षो वो नोपपद्यते ॥३॥

3. nirjitāḥ smeti vā brūta eṣo hi mama niścayaḥ ,
anyathā kurvatāmevaṃ mokṣo vo nopapadyate.

3. nirjitāḥ sma iti vā brūta eṣaḥ hi mama niścayaḥ
anyathā kurvatām evam mokṣaḥ vaḥ na upapadyate

3. Or say, 'We are conquered.' This is indeed my decision. Otherwise, for those who act differently in this manner, liberation (mokṣa) will not be possible for you.

Words meanings summery:

• निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - conquered, defeated

• स्म (sma) - we are, we have been

• इति (iti) - thus, so, saying, that

• वा (vā) - or

• ब्रूत (brūta) - you (plural) say, speak

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - decision, ascertainment, resolution

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, in another way

• कुर्वताम् (kurvatām) - for those who act differently (of those who act/do, for those who act/do)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - final liberation (mokṣa) from the cycle of birth and death (liberation, release, freedom)

• वः (vaḥ) - to you (plural), your, for you

• न (na) - not, no

• उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - will be possible (is obtained, becomes possible, occurs)

Words meanings and morphology

निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - conquered, defeated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, defeated, overcome

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √ji with prefix nir-.

Prefix: nir

Root: √ji (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'we' (sma).

स्म (sma) - we are, we have been

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense, 1st person plural

Enclitic particle used with a past participle or present tense to indicate a state. Here, functions with 'nirjitāḥ' to mean 'we are conquered'.

Root: √as (class 2)

Note: Part of the direct speech.

इति (iti) - thus, so, saying, that

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

ब्रूत (brūta) - you (plural) say, speak

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

imperative, 2nd person plural, active voice

Derived from root √brū (class 2)

Root: √brū (class 2)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the decision.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - decision, ascertainment, resolution

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - decision, ascertainment, resolution, certainty

From niś-√ci (to gather, fix)

Prefix: nis

Root: √ci (class 5)

अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, in another way

(indeclinable)

Formed from anya (other) + thā (suffix for manner)

कुर्वताम् (kurvatām) - for those who act differently (of those who act/do, for those who act/do)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kurvat

kurvat - doing, acting, performing

Present Active Participle

From root √kṛ (class 8)

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

Note: Can also be interpreted as dative (for those who do).

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'kurvatām'.

मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - final liberation (mokṣa) from the cycle of birth and death (liberation, release, freedom)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, freedom, emancipation

From root √muc (to release) + suffix -sa

Root: √muc (class 6)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

वः (vaḥ) - to you (plural), your, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

Note: Can be genitive, dative, or accusative. Dative 'for you' fits the context.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - will be possible (is obtained, becomes possible, occurs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upapad

present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

Derived from root √pad (class 4) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: √pad (class 4)

Note: Its subject is 'mokṣaḥ'.

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