वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-19, verse-4

ततस्तु बहवः प्राज्ञाः पार्थिवा धर्मणिश्चयाः ।
निर्जिताः स्मेत्यभाषन्त ज्ञात्वा वरबलं रिपोः ॥४॥

4. tatastu bahavaḥ prājñāḥ pārthivā dharmaṇiścayāḥ ,
nirjitāḥ smetyabhāṣanta jñātvā varabalaṃ ripoḥ.

4. tataḥ tu bahavaḥ prājñāḥ pārthivāḥ dharma-niścayāḥ
nirjitāḥ sma iti abhāṣanta jñātvā vara-balam ripoḥ

4. Then, many wise kings, firm in their adherence to natural law (dharma), declared, "We are conquered," knowing the superior strength of the enemy.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• प्राज्ञाः (prājñāḥ) - wise, intelligent, learned

• पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings, earthly rulers

• धर्म-निश्चयाः (dharma-niścayāḥ) - firm in their adherence to natural law (dharma) (firm in natural law, determined by natural law)

• निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - conquered, defeated

• स्म (sma) - we are, we have been

• इति (iti) - thus, so, saying, that

• अभाषन्त (abhāṣanta) - they spoke, they declared

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, knowing

• वर-बलम् (vara-balam) - superior strength, excellent power

• रिपोः (ripoḥ) - of the enemy

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

(indeclinable)

From tad + tasil suffix

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous, abundant

प्राज्ञाः (prājñāḥ) - wise, intelligent, learned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, knowing, learned

From pra-√jñā (to know well)

Prefix: pra

Root: √jñā (class 9)

पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings, earthly rulers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, king, ruler

From pṛthivī (earth) + -a suffix

धर्म-निश्चयाः (dharma-niścayāḥ) - firm in their adherence to natural law (dharma) (firm in natural law, determined by natural law)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmaniścaya

dharmaniścaya - firm in righteousness/duty/natural law, determined by sacred law

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+niścaya)

• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)
  Root: √dhṛ (class 1)
• niścaya – decision, ascertainment, resolution, certainty
  noun (masculine)
  From niś-√ci (to gather, fix)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: √ci (class 5)

निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - conquered, defeated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, defeated, overcome

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √ji with prefix nir-.

Prefix: nir

Root: √ji (class 1)

Note: Part of the direct speech.

स्म (sma) - we are, we have been

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense, 1st person plural

Enclitic particle used with 'nirjitāḥ' to mean 'we are conquered'.

Root: √as (class 2)

Note: Part of the direct speech.

इति (iti) - thus, so, saying, that

(indeclinable)

अभाषन्त (abhāṣanta) - they spoke, they declared

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect past (laṅ) of bhāṣ

imperfect past tense, 3rd person plural, middle voice

Derived from root √bhāṣ (class 1, ātmanepada)

Root: √bhāṣ (class 1)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, knowing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √jñā (class 9) + tvā suffix.

Root: √jñā (class 9)

Note: Functions adverbially.

वर-बलम् (vara-balam) - superior strength, excellent power

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varabala

varabala - superior strength, excellent power

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vara+bala)

• vara – best, excellent, superior, boon
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √vṛ (to choose)
  Root: √vṛ (class 9)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

रिपोः (ripoḥ) - of the enemy

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe, adversary