वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-19, verse-13

ततः शक्रधनुःप्रख्यं धनुर्विस्फारयन् स्वयम् ।
आसदाद नरेन्द्रास्तं रावणं क्रोधमूर्छितः ॥१३॥

13. tataḥ śakradhanuḥprakhyaṃ dhanurvisphārayan svayam ,
āsadāda narendrāstaṃ rāvaṇaṃ krodhamūrchitaḥ.

13. tataḥ śakradhanuḥprakhyaṃ dhanuḥ visphārayan svayam
āsadāda narendraḥ tam rāvaṇaṃ krodhamūrcitaḥ

13. tataḥ krodhamūrcitaḥ narendraḥ svayam śakradhanuḥprakhyaṃ
dhanuḥ visphārayan tam rāvaṇaṃ āsadāda

13. Then, maddened by rage, that king (narendra) himself strung his bow, which resembled Indra's bow, and approached Rāvaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (thereupon, then, from that)

• शक्रधनुःप्रख्यं (śakradhanuḥprakhyaṁ) - resembling Indra's bow

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - his bow (bow)

• विस्फारयन् (visphārayan) - stringing (his bow) (stretching, twanging, causing to expand)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (himself, by oneself)

• आसदाद (āsadāda) - approached (approached, attacked, obtained)

• नरेन्द्रः (narendraḥ) - the king (Rāma) (king, lord of men)

• तम् (tam) - that (Rāvaṇa) (him, that (masculine))

• रावणं (rāvaṇaṁ) - Rāvaṇa

• क्रोधमूर्चितः (krodhamūrcitaḥ) - maddened by rage (overcome with anger, maddened by rage)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (thereupon, then, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial.

शक्रधनुःप्रख्यं (śakradhanuḥprakhyaṁ) - resembling Indra's bow

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śakradhanuḥprakhya

śakradhanuḥprakhya - resembling Indra's bow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śakradhanus+prakhya)

• śakra – Indra
  proper noun (masculine)
• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• prakhya – resembling, like
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'khyā' with prefix 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'dhanuḥ'.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - his bow (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Direct object of 'visphārayan'.

विस्फारयन् (visphārayan) - stringing (his bow) (stretching, twanging, causing to expand)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visphārayant

visphārayant - stretching, twanging (a bow), causing to expand

present active participle

Derived from the causative of root 'sphur' with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sphur (class 6)

Note: Qualifies the king (narendraḥ).

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (himself, by oneself)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the action by the subject (the king).

आसदाद (āsadāda) - approached (approached, attacked, obtained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of ā-sad

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

नरेन्द्रः (narendraḥ) - the king (Rāma) (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'āsadāda'.

तम् (tam) - that (Rāvaṇa) (him, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Direct object of 'āsadāda'. Refers to Rāvaṇa.

रावणं (rāvaṇaṁ) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king)

Note: Direct object of 'āsadāda'. Appositive to 'tam'.

क्रोधमूर्चितः (krodhamūrcitaḥ) - maddened by rage (overcome with anger, maddened by rage)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhamūrcita

krodhamūrcita - overcome with anger, maddened by rage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+mūrcita)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
• mūrcita – fainted, unconscious, overcome
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Derived from root 'mūrcch'.
  Root: mūrcch (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the king (narendraḥ).