वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-18, verse-6

तं च राजानमासाद्य रावणो राक्षसाधिपः ।
प्राह युद्धं प्रयच्चेति निर्जितो ऽस्मीति वा वद ॥६॥

6. taṃ ca rājānamāsādya rāvaṇo rākṣasādhipaḥ ,
prāha yuddhaṃ prayacceti nirjito'smīti vā vada.

6. tam ca rājānam āsādya rāvaṇaḥ rākṣasādhipaḥ prāha
yuddham prayaccha iti nirjitaḥ asmi iti vā vada

6. rāvaṇaḥ rākṣasādhipaḥ tam rājānam ca āsādya prāha
yuddham prayaccha iti vā nirjitaḥ asmi iti vada

6. And having approached that king, Ravana, the sovereign of the rākṣasas, said, "Engage in battle, or declare, 'I am conquered!'"

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that king (that, him)

• च (ca) - and, also

• राजानम् (rājānam) - king, ruler

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having reached, having attained

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana, the demon king of Lanka (Ravana)

• राक्षसाधिपः (rākṣasādhipaḥ) - lord of rākṣasas (demons)

• प्राह (prāha) - said, spoke

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• प्रयच्छ (prayaccha) - engage in battle (lit. 'give battle') (give, grant, offer)

• इति (iti) - quotation marker (thus, so)

• निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - conquered, defeated

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• इति (iti) - quotation marker (thus, so)

• वा (vā) - or

• वद (vada) - say, speak, tell

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that king (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with rājānam (masculine noun)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

राजानम् (rājānam) - king, ruler

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having reached, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root sad with prefix ā- and suffix -ya

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Absolutive participle

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana, the demon king of Lanka (Ravana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (name of a demon king)

राक्षसाधिपः (rākṣasādhipaḥ) - lord of rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasādhipa

rākṣasādhipa - sovereign of demons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+adhipa)

• rākṣasa – demon, evil being, rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

प्राह (prāha) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prāha

Perfect

Irregular perfect form of root brū (or vac) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Derived from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

प्रयच्छ (prayaccha) - engage in battle (lit. 'give battle') (give, grant, offer)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of prayam

Derived from root yam with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

इति (iti) - quotation marker (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - conquered, defeated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, overcome, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ji with prefix nis-

Prefix: nis

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with 'asmi'

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - quotation marker (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

वद (vada) - say, speak, tell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of vad

Root: vad (class 1)

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