वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-18, verse-30

हंसानां हि पुरा राम न वर्णः सर्वपाण्डुरः ।
पक्षा नीलाग्रसंवीताः क्रोडाः शष्पाग्रनिर्मलाः ॥३०॥

30. haṃsānāṃ hi purā rāma na varṇaḥ sarvapāṇḍuraḥ ,
pakṣā nīlāgrasaṃvītāḥ kroḍāḥ śaṣpāgranirmalāḥ.

30. haṃsānām hi purā rāma na varṇaḥ sarvapāṇḍuraḥ
pakṣāḥ nīlāgrasaṃvītāḥ kroḍāḥ śaṣpāgranirmalāḥ

30. hi rāma purā haṃsānām varṇaḥ na sarvapāṇḍuraḥ
pakṣāḥ nīlāgrasaṃvītāḥ kroḍāḥ śaṣpāgranirmalāḥ

30. Indeed, Rāma, in the past, the color of swans was not entirely white. Their wings were adorned with blue tips, and their breasts were as pure as the tips of fresh grass.

Words meanings summery:

• हंसानाम् (haṁsānām) - of swans

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• पुरा (purā) - in the past (formerly, in ancient times, in the past)

• राम (rāma) - Rāma (Rāma (vocative))

• न (na) - not

• वर्णः (varṇaḥ) - color (color, complexion, caste, letter)

• सर्वपाण्डुरः (sarvapāṇḍuraḥ) - entirely white (entirely white, completely pale)

• पक्षाः (pakṣāḥ) - wings (wings, sides)

• नीलाग्रसंवीताः (nīlāgrasaṁvītāḥ) - covered with blue tips (covered/adorned with blue tips)

• क्रोडाः (kroḍāḥ) - breasts (breasts, chests, bosoms)

• शष्पाग्रनिर्मलाः (śaṣpāgranirmalāḥ) - pure as the tips of fresh grass (pure like the tips of grass)

Words meanings and morphology

हंसानाम् (haṁsānām) - of swans

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose, a mythical bird

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

पुरा (purā) - in the past (formerly, in ancient times, in the past)

(indeclinable)

राम (rāma) - Rāma (Rāma (vocative))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name); pleasing, charming, black

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

वर्णः (varṇaḥ) - color (color, complexion, caste, letter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varṇa

varṇa - color, complexion, caste, letter, class, genus

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

सर्वपाण्डुरः (sarvapāṇḍuraḥ) - entirely white (entirely white, completely pale)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvapāṇḍura

sarvapāṇḍura - entirely white, completely pale

Compound of sarva (all, entire) and pāṇḍura (pale, white)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+pāṇḍura)

• sarva – all, every, entire
  adjective (masculine)
• pāṇḍura – pale, white, yellowish white
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for varṇaḥ.

पक्षाः (pakṣāḥ) - wings (wings, sides)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣa

pakṣa - wing, side, party, half (of a lunar month)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

नीलाग्रसंवीताः (nīlāgrasaṁvītāḥ) - covered with blue tips (covered/adorned with blue tips)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nīlāgrasaṃvīta

nīlāgrasaṁvīta - covered with blue tips

Compound of nīla (blue), agra (tip), and saṃvīta (covered)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nīla+agra+saṃvīta)

• nīla – blue, dark, black
  adjective (masculine)
• agra – tip, point, front
  noun (neuter)
• saṃvīta – covered, enveloped, clothed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vī (to cover) with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with pakṣāḥ.

क्रोडाः (kroḍāḥ) - breasts (breasts, chests, bosoms)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kroḍa

kroḍa - breast, chest, bosom, lap

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'were'.

शष्पाग्रनिर्मलाः (śaṣpāgranirmalāḥ) - pure as the tips of fresh grass (pure like the tips of grass)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śaṣpāgranirmala

śaṣpāgranirmala - pure/clean like the tips of fresh grass

Compound of śaṣpa (young grass), agra (tip), and nirmala (pure, spotless)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śaṣpa+agra+nirmala)

• śaṣpa – young grass, fresh grass
  noun (neuter)
• agra – tip, point, front
  noun (neuter)
• nirmala – pure, clean, spotless, stainless
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of nir (without) and mala (impurity)
  Prefix: nis

Note: Agrees with kroḍāḥ.

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