वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-18, verse-10

ततो मरुत्तो नृपतिस्तं राक्षसमथाब्रवीत् ।
धन्यः खलु भवान्येन ज्येष्ठो भ्राता रणे जितः ॥१०॥

10. tato marutto nṛpatistaṃ rākṣasamathābravīt ,
dhanyaḥ khalu bhavānyena jyeṣṭho bhrātā raṇe jitaḥ.

10. tataḥ maruttaḥ nṛpatiḥ tam rākṣasam atha abravīt
dhanyaḥ khalu bhavān yena jyeṣṭhaḥ bhrātā raṇe jitaḥ

10. tataḥ atha nṛpatiḥ maruttaḥ tam rākṣasam abravīt
bhavān khalu dhanyaḥ yena jyeṣṭhaḥ bhrātā raṇe jitaḥ

10. Then King Marutta spoke to that demon (rākṣasa): 'Indeed, you are blessed, by whom your elder brother was conquered in battle.'

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• मरुत्तः (maruttaḥ) - King Marutta (Marutta (a king's name))

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, lord of men

• तम् (tam) - that demon (Rāvaṇa) (that (one))

• राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - Rāvaṇa (demon, Rākṣasa)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• धन्यः (dhanyaḥ) - blessed, fortunate, lucky

• खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), your honor

• येन (yena) - by you (Rāvaṇa) (by whom, by which)

• ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - elder brother (Kubera) (eldest, superior)

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - Rāvaṇa's elder brother (Kubera) (brother)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered, defeated, won

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of `tad`.

मरुत्तः (maruttaḥ) - King Marutta (Marutta (a king's name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of marutta

marutta - name of an ancient king

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, lord of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

From `nṛ` (man) + `pati` (master, lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - that demon (Rāvaṇa) (that (one))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - Rāvaṇa (demon, Rākṣasa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - belonging to or relating to Rākṣasas; a Rākṣasa (demon)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover

(indeclinable)

Particle introducing a new sentence or clause.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Third person singular, imperfect tense, active voice.

Root: brū (class 2)

धन्यः (dhanyaḥ) - blessed, fortunate, lucky

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanya

dhanya - wealthy, rich in, fortunate, blessed, virtuous

From `dhana` (wealth) + `ya` (suffix).

खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

Particle.

भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), your honor

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you, being, existing

Present Active Participle (used as a pronoun)

From `√bhū` (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Although technically a participle, it functions as a noun/pronoun here.

येन (yena) - by you (Rāvaṇa) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - elder brother (Kubera) (eldest, superior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, senior, best, principal

Superlative form of `vṛddha` (old).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

भ्राता (bhrātā) - Rāvaṇa's elder brother (Kubera) (brother)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, conflict

From √raṇ (to sound, to rejoice, to battle).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered, defeated, won

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, defeated, won, restrained

Past Passive Participle

From √jī (to conquer).

Root: jī (class 1)

Note: Used as a verb in passive construction.

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