वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-18, verse-12

किं त्वं प्राक्केवलं धर्मं चरित्वा लब्धवान् वरम् ।
श्रुतपूर्वं हि न मया यादृशं भाषसे स्वयम् ॥१२॥

12. kiṃ tvaṃ prākkevalaṃ dharmaṃ caritvā labdhavān varam ,
śrutapūrvaṃ hi na mayā yādṛśaṃ bhāṣase svayam.

12. kim tvam prāk kevalam dharmam caritvā labdhavān
varam śrutapūrvam hi na mayā yādṛśam bhāṣase svayam

12. tvam prāk kevalam dharmam caritvā varam labdhavān
kim hi mayā yādṛśam svayam bhāṣase na śrutapūrvam

12. Did you, by merely following your intrinsic nature (dharma) previously, obtain a boon? For indeed, I have never before heard anything like what you are now speaking yourself.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - Is it that...? (what, whether, is it that)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• प्राक् (prāk) - formerly, previously, before

• केवलम् (kevalam) - merely, exclusively (only, merely, exclusively, simple, absolute)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - your intrinsic nature, natural law (natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution)

• चरित्वा (caritvā) - having practiced/followed (having practiced, having performed, having walked)

• लब्धवान् (labdhavān) - obtained (obtained, gained, received)

• वरम् (varam) - a boon (boon, blessing, best thing, excellent)

• श्रुतपूर्वम् (śrutapūrvam) - heard before (heard before, previously heard)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• यादृशम् (yādṛśam) - such a thing as, of the kind that (such as, of which kind, of the kind that)

• भाषसे (bhāṣase) - you are speaking (you speak, you say)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - yourself (oneself, by oneself, spontaneously)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - Is it that...? (what, whether, is it that)

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

प्राक् (prāk) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

Derived from prāñc, but used adverbially as prāk.

Root: añc (class 5)

केवलम् (kevalam) - merely, exclusively (only, merely, exclusively, simple, absolute)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kevala

kevala - only, mere, exclusive, absolute, solitary

Note: Used adverbially

धर्मम् (dharmam) - your intrinsic nature, natural law (natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 3)

चरित्वा (caritvā) - having practiced/followed (having practiced, having performed, having walked)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -ktvā

Root: car (class 1)

लब्धवान् (labdhavān) - obtained (obtained, gained, received)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of labdhavat

labdhavat - one who has obtained

Past Active Participle

Formed from root labh with suffix -ktavat.

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tvam'

वरम् (varam) - a boon (boon, blessing, best thing, excellent)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, excellent, husband

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Object of 'labdhavān'

श्रुतपूर्वम् (śrutapūrvam) - heard before (heard before, previously heard)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śrutapūrva

śrutapūrva - heard before, previously heard

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (śruta+pūrva)

• śruta – heard, revealed, famous
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śru with suffix -kta.
  Root: śru (class 5)
• pūrva – before, former, previous, eastern
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Predicative adjective

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent in passive construction 'na śrutapūrvam'

यादृशम् (yādṛśam) - such a thing as, of the kind that (such as, of which kind, of the kind that)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yādṛśa

yādṛśa - such, of what kind, like which

Formed from yad + dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Correlative to implied 'tādṛśam' (such a thing)

भाषसे (bhāṣase) - you are speaking (you speak, you say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhāṣ

Present Middle

2nd person singular, Present Tense, Ātmanepada.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

स्वयम् (svayam) - yourself (oneself, by oneself, spontaneously)

(indeclinable)

Accusative of sva, used adverbially.

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