वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-18, verse-3

संवर्तो नाम ब्रह्मर्षिर्भ्राता साक्षाद्बृहस्पतेः ।
याजयामास धर्मज्ञः सर्वैर्ब्रह्मगणैर्वृतः ॥३॥

3. saṃvarto nāma brahmarṣirbhrātā sākṣādbṛhaspateḥ ,
yājayāmāsa dharmajñaḥ sarvairbrahmagaṇairvṛtaḥ.

3. saṃvartaḥ nāma brahmaṛṣiḥ bhrātā sākṣāt bṛhaspateḥ
yājayāmāsa dharmajñaḥ sarvaiḥ brahmagaṇaiḥ vṛtaḥ

3. saṃvartaḥ nāma brahmaṛṣiḥ bṛhaspateḥ sākṣāt bhrātā
dharmajñaḥ sarvaiḥ brahmagaṇaiḥ vṛtaḥ yājayāmāsa

3. The great sage (brahmaṛṣi) named Saṃvarta, who was the direct brother of Bṛhaspati and was knowledgeable in (natural law) (dharma), officiated at the Vedic ritual (yajña), surrounded by all groups of Brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

• संवर्तः (saṁvartaḥ) - Saṃvarta (the sage) (Saṃvarta (name of a sage), destruction of the world)

• नाम (nāma) - named (name, by name, indeed)

• ब्रह्मऋषिः (brahmaṛṣiḥ) - great sage (brahmaṛṣi) (Brahmin sage, a sage of the Brahmin class (brahmaṛṣi))

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - direct, directly (directly, in person, visibly)

• बृहस्पतेः (bṛhaspateḥ) - of Bṛhaspati (the preceptor of the gods) (of Bṛhaspati)

• याजयामास (yājayāmāsa) - officiated at the Vedic ritual (yajña) (caused to perform a Vedic ritual (yajña), officiated)

• धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - knowledgeable in (natural law) (dharma) (knowing (natural law) (dharma), righteous, dutiful)

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (the groups of Brahmins) (by all, with all)

• ब्रह्मगणैः (brahmagaṇaiḥ) - by the groups of Brahmins

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by) (surrounded, encompassed, chosen)

Words meanings and morphology

संवर्तः (saṁvartaḥ) - Saṃvarta (the sage) (Saṃvarta (name of a sage), destruction of the world)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvarta

saṁvarta - Saṃvarta (name of a sage), dissolution, destruction of the world

From root vṛt (to turn) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject of yājayāmāsa.

नाम (nāma) - named (name, by name, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of nāman, used adverbially

ब्रह्मऋषिः (brahmaṛṣiḥ) - great sage (brahmaṛṣi) (Brahmin sage, a sage of the Brahmin class (brahmaṛṣi))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmaṛṣi

brahmaṛṣi - a Brahmin sage, a sage of the highest class

Compound: brahman + ṛṣi

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+ṛṣi)

• brahman – Brahmin (priest class), sacred word, absolute reality (brahman)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to saṃvartaḥ.

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Appositive to saṃvartaḥ.

साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - direct, directly (directly, in person, visibly)

(indeclinable)

Adverb

बृहस्पतेः (bṛhaspateḥ) - of Bṛhaspati (the preceptor of the gods) (of Bṛhaspati)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - Bṛhaspati (the preceptor of the gods)

Compound: bṛhat + pati

Compound type : tatpurusha (bṛhat+pati)

• bṛhat – great, large
  adjective
• pati – lord, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes relationship ('brother of Bṛhaspati').

याजयामास (yājayāmāsa) - officiated at the Vedic ritual (yajña) (caused to perform a Vedic ritual (yajña), officiated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of yāj

Perfect active, causative

3rd person singular, Perfect, active voice, Parasmaipada, causative form of root yaj (to perform Vedic ritual).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: The suffix āmāsa is typical for the perfect of causative verbs derived from roots ending in a.

धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - knowledgeable in (natural law) (dharma) (knowing (natural law) (dharma), righteous, dutiful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing (natural law) (dharma), virtuous, righteous

Compound: dharma + jña (knower)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knower, understanding
  suffix/noun
  Suffix from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies saṃvartaḥ.

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (the groups of Brahmins) (by all, with all)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with brahmagaṇaiḥ.

ब्रह्मगणैः (brahmagaṇaiḥ) - by the groups of Brahmins

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of brahmagaṇa

brahmagaṇa - group of Brahmins

Compound: brahman + gaṇa

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+gaṇa)

• brahman – Brahmin (priest class), sacred word, absolute reality (brahman)
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, multitude, troop
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of vṛtaḥ.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by) (surrounded, encompassed, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, encompassed, chosen, covered

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, choose, surround)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies saṃvartaḥ.

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