वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-96, verse-9

स क्रोधवशमापन्नो हयानामपसर्पणे ।
मुमोच निशितान्बाणान् राघवाय निशाचरः ॥९॥

9. sa krodhavaśamāpanno hayānāmapasarpaṇe ,
mumoca niśitānbāṇān rāghavāya niśācaraḥ.

9. saḥ krodhavaśam āpannaḥ hayānām apasarpaṇe
mumoca niśitān bāṇān rāghavāya niśācaraḥ

9. hayānām apasarpaṇe krodhavaśam āpannaḥ saḥ
niśācaraḥ rāghavāya niśitān bāṇān mumoca

9. Having fallen under the sway of anger due to the retreat of his horses, that night-roamer (niśācara) released keen arrows at Rama (rāghava).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Ravana) (he, that)

• क्रोधवशम् (krodhavaśam) - sway of anger, control of anger

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having fallen under (the sway of anger) (having fallen into, having attained, having undergone)

• हयानाम् (hayānām) - of the horses

• अपसर्पणे (apasarpaṇe) - in the event of the horses' retreat (in the retreat, in the moving back)

• मुमोच (mumoca) - he released, he let go

• निशितान् (niśitān) - keen arrows (sharpened, keen, whetted)

• बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

• राघवाय (rāghavāya) - to Rama (descendant of Raghu)

• निशाचरः (niśācaraḥ) - Ravana, as a Rakshasa (night-roamer, Rakshasa)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Ravana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

क्रोधवशम् (krodhavaśam) - sway of anger, control of anger

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodhavaśa

krodhavaśa - sway of anger, power of wrath

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (krodha+vaśa)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• vaśa – sway, control, power, will
  noun (masculine)

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having fallen under (the sway of anger) (having fallen into, having attained, having undergone)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - obtained, fallen into, undergone, met with

Past Passive Participle

derived from root āp (to obtain) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

हयानाम् (hayānām) - of the horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

अपसर्पणे (apasarpaṇe) - in the event of the horses' retreat (in the retreat, in the moving back)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of apasarpaṇa

apasarpaṇa - retreat, moving away, withdrawal

noun of action

derived from root sṛp (to creep) with prefix apa

Prefix: apa

Root: sṛp (class 1)

मुमोच (mumoca) - he released, he let go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of muc

perfect

root 'muc' (6th class)

Root: muc (class 6)

निशितान् (niśitān) - keen arrows (sharpened, keen, whetted)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, whetted, sharp

Past Passive Participle

derived from root śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

राघवाय (rāghavāya) - to Rama (descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

Patronymic from Raghu

निशाचरः (niśācaraḥ) - Ravana, as a Rakshasa (night-roamer, Rakshasa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niśācara

niśācara - night-roamer, demon, ghost, Rakshasa

Compound (Tatpurusha) of niśā and cara

Compound type : tatpurusha (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, going, a rover, a wanderer
  adjective
  noun agentive
  derived from root car (to move)
  Root: car (class 1)