वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-96, verse-20

ततः क्रुद्धो महाबाहू रघूणां कीर्तिवर्धनः ।
संधाय धनुषा रामः क्षुरमाशीविषोपमम् ।
रावणस्य शिरो ऽच्छिन्दच्छ्रीमज्ज्वलितकुण्डलम् ॥२०॥

20. tataḥ kruddho mahābāhū raghūṇāṃ kīrtivardhanaḥ ,
saṃdhāya dhanuṣā rāmaḥ kṣuramāśīviṣopamam ,
rāvaṇasya śiro'cchindacchrīmajjvalitakuṇḍalam.

20. tataḥ kruddhaḥ mahābāhū raghūṇām
kīrtivardhanaḥ sandhāya dhanuṣā rāmaḥ
kṣuram āśīviṣopamam rāvaṇasya
śiraḥ acchindat śrīmatjvalitakuṇḍalam

20. tataḥ kruddhaḥ mahābāhū raghūṇām
kīrtivardhanaḥ rāmaḥ dhanuṣā āśīviṣopamam
kṣuram sandhāya rāvaṇasya
śrīmatjvalitakuṇḍalam śiraḥ acchindat

20. Then, the mighty-armed Rāma, who augmented the glory of the Raghus, strung his bow with a razor-sharp arrow, as deadly as a venomous snake, and severed Rāvaṇa's head, which was adorned with splendid, shining earrings.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged, furious)

• महाबाहू (mahābāhū) - mighty-armed (mighty-armed, great-armed)

• रघूणाम् (raghūṇām) - of the Raghus (Raghu dynasty) (of the Raghus, of the descendants of Raghu)

• कीर्तिवर्धनः (kīrtivardhanaḥ) - who augmented the glory (increasing glory, enhancing fame)

• सन्धाय (sandhāya) - having fixed (an arrow on the bow) (having placed, having fixed, having joined)

• धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - with his bow (with a bow, by means of a bow)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (Rāma (a proper noun))

• क्षुरम् (kṣuram) - a razor-sharp arrow (razor, razor-sharp (arrow))

• आशीविषोपमम् (āśīviṣopamam) - as deadly as a venomous snake (resembling a venomous snake, like a poisonous serpent)

• रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• अच्छिन्दत् (acchindat) - severed (he cut off, he severed)

• श्रीमत्ज्वलितकुण्डलम् (śrīmatjvalitakuṇḍalam) - adorned with splendid, shining earrings (having glorious shining earrings, adorned with splendid, gleaming earrings)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to 'tad'.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'krudh' (क्रुध्) with suffix -ta.

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'rāmaḥ'.

महाबाहू (mahābāhū) - mighty-armed (mighty-armed, great-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - one with mighty arms, an epithet for powerful heroes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bāhu)

• mahat – great, mighty, large
  adjective (neuter)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'rāmaḥ'. The long 'ū' in the nominative singular is an archaic or epic form.

रघूणाम् (raghūṇām) - of the Raghus (Raghu dynasty) (of the Raghus, of the descendants of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of raghu

raghu - Raghu (an ancient king, ancestor of Rāma), swift

Note: Connects to 'kīrtivardhanaḥ'.

कीर्तिवर्धनः (kīrtivardhanaḥ) - who augmented the glory (increasing glory, enhancing fame)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīrtivardhana

kīrtivardhana - increaser of fame or glory

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kīrti+vardhana)

• kīrti – fame, glory, renown
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kṛt (class 6)
• vardhana – increasing, augmenting, causing to grow
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun or verbal adjective derived from root 'vṛdh'.
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'rāmaḥ'.

सन्धाय (sandhāya) - having fixed (an arrow on the bow) (having placed, having fixed, having joined)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'dhā' (धा) with prefix 'sam' (सम्) and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'acchindat'.

धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - with his bow (with a bow, by means of a bow)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Note: Instrument for 'sandhāya'.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (Rāma (a proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (the seventh avatar of Viṣṇu), pleasing, black

Note: Subject of the sentence.

क्षुरम् (kṣuram) - a razor-sharp arrow (razor, razor-sharp (arrow))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣura

kṣura - razor, knife; an arrow with a razor-like tip

Root: kṣur (class 1)

Note: Object of 'sandhāya'.

आशीविषोपमम् (āśīviṣopamam) - as deadly as a venomous snake (resembling a venomous snake, like a poisonous serpent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśīviṣopama

āśīviṣopama - like a venomous snake

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśīviṣa+upama)

• āśīviṣa – venomous snake, a snake whose venom is in its fangs
  noun (masculine)
  From 'āśī' (fang) and 'viṣa' (poison).
• upama – resemblance, simile, comparison
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'kṣuram'.

रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa, the demon king of Laṅkā

Note: Possessive, modifying 'śiraḥ'.

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

Note: Object of 'acchindat'.

अच्छिन्दत् (acchindat) - severed (he cut off, he severed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of chid

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root 'chid' (छिद्), 7th conjugation, parasmaipada. Augment 'a' (अ) for past tense.

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

श्रीमत्ज्वलितकुण्डलम् (śrīmatjvalitakuṇḍalam) - adorned with splendid, shining earrings (having glorious shining earrings, adorned with splendid, gleaming earrings)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śrīmatjvalitakuṇḍala

śrīmatjvalitakuṇḍala - having glorious shining earrings

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śrīmat+jvalita+kuṇḍala)

• śrīmat – glorious, splendid, prosperous, beautiful
  adjective (neuter)
  From 'śrī' (śrī) with suffix '-mat'.
• jvalita – shining, blazing, inflamed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'jval' (ज्वल्) with suffix '-ta'.
  Root: jval (class 1)
• kuṇḍala – earring, ring, coil
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'śiraḥ'.