वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-93, verse-14

श्रूयतामभिधास्यामि यन्निमित्तं मया रथः ।
नदीवेग इवाम्भोभिः संयुगे विनिवर्तितः ॥१४॥

14. śrūyatāmabhidhāsyāmi yannimittaṃ mayā rathaḥ ,
nadīvega ivāmbhobhiḥ saṃyuge vinivartitaḥ.

14. śrūyatām abhidhāsyāmi yat nimittam mayā rathaḥ
nadīvegaḥ iva ambhobhiḥ saṃyuge vinivartitaḥ

14. Please listen, I shall explain the reason for which I turned back the chariot in battle, just as a river's current is held back by its waters.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - listen (imperative) (let it be heard, listen)

• अभिधास्यामि (abhidhāsyāmi) - I shall explain (I shall explain, I shall speak)

• यत् (yat) - for which (which, that, because, for which reason)

• निमित्तम् (nimittam) - reason (cause, reason, motive)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot, car

• नदीवेगः (nadīvegaḥ) - river's current (river's current/flow, speed of a river)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• अम्भोभिः (ambhobhiḥ) - by its waters (by waters)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

• विनिवर्तितः (vinivartitaḥ) - turned back (turned back, caused to turn back, withdrawn)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - listen (imperative) (let it be heard, listen)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative, passive

3rd person singular imperative middle/passive from root śru

Root: śru (class 5)

अभिधास्यामि (abhidhāsyāmi) - I shall explain (I shall explain, I shall speak)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of abhidhā

future indicative

1st person singular future active from root dhā with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhā (class 3)

यत् (yat) - for which (which, that, because, for which reason)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, that, because

निमित्तम् (nimittam) - reason (cause, reason, motive)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nimitta

nimitta - cause, reason, mark

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot, car

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ramh

नदीवेगः (nadīvegaḥ) - river's current (river's current/flow, speed of a river)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nadīvega

nadīvega - river's current

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nadī+vega)

• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)
  Root: nad
• vega – speed, current, force
  noun (masculine)
  from root vij
  Root: vij (class 6)

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अम्भोभिः (ambhobhiḥ) - by its waters (by waters)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of ambhas

ambhas - water

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, conflict, union

from root yuj with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

विनिवर्तितः (vinivartitaḥ) - turned back (turned back, caused to turn back, withdrawn)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinivartita

vinivartita - turned back, caused to turn back, withdrawn

past passive participle

from root vṛt with prefixes vi + ni

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)