वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-93, verse-12

मया तु हितकामेन यशश्च परिरक्षता ।
स्नेहप्रस्कन्नमनसा प्रियमित्यप्रियं कृतम् ॥१२॥

12. mayā tu hitakāmena yaśaśca parirakṣatā ,
snehapraskannamanasā priyamityapriyaṃ kṛtam.

12. mayā tu hitakāmena yaśaḥ ca parirakṣatā
snehapraskannamanasā priyam iti apriyaṃ kṛtam

12. tu mayā hitakāmena ca yaśaḥ parirakṣatā snehapraskannamanasā priyam iti apriyaṃ kṛtam.

12. Indeed, by me, a well-wisher, and by one protecting your fame, with a mind overflowing with affection, this unpleasant act was done, (which I considered) beneficial.

Words meanings summery:

• मया (mayā) - by me

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, yet, however)

• हितकामेन (hitakāmena) - by a well-wisher (referring to the charioteer) (by one wishing well, by a well-wisher)

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory (fame, glory, reputation, honor)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• परिरक्षता (parirakṣatā) - by one protecting (your fame) (by one protecting, by one preserving)

• स्नेहप्रस्कन्नमनसा (snehapraskannamanasā) - by one with a mind overflowing with affection (by one whose mind is overcome/flowing with affection)

• प्रियम् (priyam) - beneficial, favorable (as perceived by the agent) (dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable, favorable, beneficial)

• इति (iti) - thus (indicating the charioteer's thought or intention) (thus, so, (marks quotation/intention))

• अप्रियं (apriyaṁ) - unpleasant (act) (unpleasant, disagreeable, unfavorable, hateful)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - was done (done, made, performed)

Words meanings and morphology

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person pronoun.

Note: Agent of `kṛtam`.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, yet, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for contrast or emphasis.

हितकामेन (hitakāmena) - by a well-wisher (referring to the charioteer) (by one wishing well, by a well-wisher)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hitakāmin

hitakāmin - well-wishing, benevolent, desiring good

Tatpuruṣa compound of `hita` (good, beneficial) and `kāmin` (desiring).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hita+kāmin)

• hita – beneficial, salutary, good, placed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dhā` (3rd class, to place) or `hi` (to go, send).
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• kāmin – desiring, wishing, loving
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from `kāma` (desire), with suffix -in.
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `mayā`.

यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory (fame, glory, reputation, honor)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, reputation, honor

s-stem neuter noun.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction. Placed after the word it connects.

परिरक्षता (parirakṣatā) - by one protecting (your fame) (by one protecting, by one preserving)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of parirakṣat

parirakṣat - protecting, guarding, preserving

Present Active Participle

From root `rakṣ` (1st class, to protect) with `pari-` prefix. Instrumental singular masculine.

Prefix: pari

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

स्नेहप्रस्कन्नमनसा (snehapraskannamanasā) - by one with a mind overflowing with affection (by one whose mind is overcome/flowing with affection)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of snehapraskannamanas

snehapraskannamanas - having a mind agitated/overwhelmed by affection

Bahuvrīhi compound: `sneha` (affection) + `praskanna` (flowed forth, overcome) + `manas` (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sneha+praskanna+manas)

• sneha – affection, love, tenderness, oil
  noun (masculine)
  From root `snih` (4th class, to be sticky, love).
  Root: snih (class 4)
• praskanna – flowed forth, overcome, fallen, slipped
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `skand` (1st class, to leap, fall) with `pra-` prefix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: skand (class 1)
• manas – mind, intellect, heart, disposition
  noun (neuter)
  s-stem neuter noun.
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `mayā`.

प्रियम् (priyam) - beneficial, favorable (as perceived by the agent) (dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable, favorable, beneficial)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable, favorable, beneficial

a-stem adjective.

Root: prī (class 9)

इति (iti) - thus (indicating the charioteer's thought or intention) (thus, so, (marks quotation/intention))

(indeclinable)

Particle.

अप्रियं (apriyaṁ) - unpleasant (act) (unpleasant, disagreeable, unfavorable, hateful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, unfavorable, hateful, not dear

Tatpuruṣa compound of `a-` (not) and `priya` (dear, pleasant).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+priya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• priya – dear, pleasant, beloved, favorable
  adjective (neuter)
  From root `prī` (9th class, to please, love).
  Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Object of `kṛtam`.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - was done (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, finished

Past Passive Participle

From root `kṛ` (8th class, to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb in passive construction.