वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-93, verse-10

एवं परुषमुक्तस्तु हितबुद्धिरबुद्धिना ।
अब्रवीद् रावणं सूतो हितं सानुनयं वचः ॥१०॥

10. evaṃ paruṣamuktastu hitabuddhirabuddhinā ,
abravīd rāvaṇaṃ sūto hitaṃ sānunayaṃ vacaḥ.

10. evaṃ paruṣam uktaḥ tu hitabuddhiḥ abuddhinā
abravīt rāvaṇaṃ sūtaḥ hitaṃ sānunayaṃ vacaḥ

10. hitabuddhiḥ sūtaḥ tu abuddhinā evaṃ paruṣaṃ uktaḥ ravaṇaṃ sānunayaṃ hitaṃ vacaḥ abravīt.

10. But the well-wishing charioteer, thus addressed harshly by the foolish one, spoke beneficial and humble words to Ravana.

Words meanings summery:

• एवं (evaṁ) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh (speech) (harsh, rough, cruel)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet, however)

• हितबुद्धिः (hitabuddhiḥ) - (the charioteer) having good intentions (well-wishing, benevolent, having good intentions)

• अबुद्धिना (abuddhinā) - by the foolish (Ravana) (by the foolish, by one without intelligence)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said, told)

• रावणं (rāvaṇaṁ) - Ravana (Ravana (proper noun))

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - charioteer (charioteer, son)

• हितं (hitaṁ) - beneficial (beneficial, salutary, good, agreeable)

• सानुनयं (sānunayaṁ) - with humility, imploringly (polite, humble, deprecatory, conciliatory)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech, utterance)

Words meanings and morphology

एवं (evaṁ) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Particle, often emphasizing the preceding or following word, or meaning 'thus, in this way'.

परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh (speech) (harsh, rough, cruel)

(indeclinable)

a-stem adjective. Used adverbially (neuter accusative singular).

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From root `vac` (2nd class, to speak). Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for contrast or emphasis.

हितबुद्धिः (hitabuddhiḥ) - (the charioteer) having good intentions (well-wishing, benevolent, having good intentions)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hitabuddhi

hitabuddhi - having a benevolent mind, well-wishing, whose intellect is beneficial

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hita+buddhi)

• hita – beneficial, salutary, agreeable, well-disposed, placed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dhā` (3rd class, to place, put) or `hi` (to go, send).
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception, mind
  noun (feminine)
  From root `budh` (1st class, to know, perceive).
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Modifies `sūtaḥ`.

अबुद्धिना (abuddhinā) - by the foolish (Ravana) (by the foolish, by one without intelligence)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of abuddhin

abuddhin - foolish, ignorant, lacking intelligence

Compound formed with negative prefix `a-` and `buddhin` (intelligent).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+buddhin)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• buddhin – intelligent, discerning
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from `buddhi` (intellect), with possessive suffix -in.
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Refers to Ravana as the agent of 'addressed'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said, told)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active Indicative

From root `brū` (2nd class). Third person singular. Augment `a-`.

Root: brū (class 2)

रावणं (rāvaṇaṁ) - Ravana (Ravana (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (proper name of the demon king of Lanka)

a-stem noun.

Note: Object of `abravīt`.

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - charioteer (charioteer, son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, son, bard

a-stem noun.

Root: sū (class 2)

हितं (hitaṁ) - beneficial (beneficial, salutary, good, agreeable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, salutary, good, agreeable, placed, sent

Past Passive Participle

From root `dhā` (3rd class, to place) or `hi` (to go, send).

Root: dhā (class 3)

सानुनयं (sānunayaṁ) - with humility, imploringly (polite, humble, deprecatory, conciliatory)

(indeclinable)

Bahuvrīhi compound with prefix `sa-` (with) and `anunaya` (conciliation, entreaty). Used adverbially (neuter accusative singular).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+anunaya)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix, indicating association or possession.
• anunaya – conciliation, entreaty, request, humility
  noun (masculine)
  From `anunī` (to lead towards, conciliate), root `nī` with `anu` prefix.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially, modifying `abravīt`.

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech, utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, utterance, saying

s-stem neuter noun.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of `abravīt`.