वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-54, verse-2

तमवध्यं मघवता यमेन वरुणेन च ।
प्रेक्ष्य भीमाक्षमायान्तं वानरा विप्रदुद्रुवुः ॥२॥

2. tamavadhyaṃ maghavatā yamena varuṇena ca ,
prekṣya bhīmākṣamāyāntaṃ vānarā vipradudruvuḥ.

2. tam avadhyam maghavatā yamena varuṇena ca
prekṣya bhīmākṣam āyāntam vānarāḥ vipradudruvuḥ

2. maghavatā yamena varuṇena ca avadhyam bhīmākṣam
āyāntam tam prekṣya vānarāḥ vipradudruvuḥ

2. Upon seeing him, who was invincible even by Indra, Yama, and Varuna, and who was terrible-eyed and advancing, the monkeys scattered in flight.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Kumbhakarna) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

• अवध्यम् (avadhyam) - invincible, not to be killed, indestructible

• मघवता (maghavatā) - by Indra (god of rain and thunder)

• यमेन (yamena) - by Yama (the god of death)

• वरुणेन (varuṇena) - by Varuna (god of the cosmic and moral order, oceans)

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - upon seeing (having seen, seeing)

• भीमाक्षम् (bhīmākṣam) - Kumbhakarna, who had terrible eyes (terrible-eyed, having dreadful eyes)

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - who was advancing (approaching, coming)

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - the monkey warriors (monkeys, apes)

• विप्रदुद्रुवुः (vipradudruvuḥ) - fled, ran away, scattered

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Kumbhakarna) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अवध्यम् (avadhyam) - invincible, not to be killed, indestructible

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avadhya

avadhya - not to be killed, unassailable, invincible

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle (negative)

Negative particle 'a' + root 'vadh' (to strike, kill) + suffix '-ya'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vadhya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• vadhya – to be killed, punishable, slaughterable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From root 'vadh' (to kill)
  Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tam'

मघवता (maghavatā) - by Indra (god of rain and thunder)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of maghavan

maghavan - Indra (epithet meaning 'liberal, wealthy')

यमेन (yamena) - by Yama (the god of death)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (the god of death), restraint, twin

Root: yam (class 1)

वरुणेन (varuṇena) - by Varuna (god of the cosmic and moral order, oceans)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of varuṇa

varuṇa - Varuna (Vedic deity associated with cosmic order, oceans, and justice)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - upon seeing (having seen, seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from the root 'īkṣ' (to see, look) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

भीमाक्षम् (bhīmākṣam) - Kumbhakarna, who had terrible eyes (terrible-eyed, having dreadful eyes)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmākṣa

bhīmākṣa - terrible-eyed, having dreadful eyes

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīma+akṣa)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'bhī' (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• akṣa – eye, die (for dice), axle
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'tam'

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - who was advancing (approaching, coming)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - approaching, coming, arriving

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'yā' (to go) with prefix 'ā', in present active participle form

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'tam'

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - the monkey warriors (monkeys, apes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape, belonging to a forest

विप्रदुद्रुवुः (vipradudruvuḥ) - fled, ran away, scattered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of vipradru

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: dru (class 1)