वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-54, verse-15

ममज्जुरर्णवे के चिद्गुहाः के चित् समाश्रिताः ।
निषेदुः प्लवगाः के चित् के चिन्नैवावतस्थिरे ॥१५॥

15. mamajjurarṇave ke cidguhāḥ ke cit samāśritāḥ ,
niṣeduḥ plavagāḥ ke cit ke cinnaivāvatasthire.

15. mamajjuḥ arṇave ke cit guhāḥ ke cit samāśritāḥ
niṣeduḥ plavagāḥ ke cit ke cit na eva avatatsthire

15. ke cit arṇave mamajjuḥ; ke cit guhāḥ samāśritāḥ.
ke cit plavagāḥ niṣeduḥ; ke cit na eva avatatsthire.

15. Some sank into the ocean, others resorted to caves. Some of the monkeys sat down, while others could not remain still at all.

Words meanings summery:

• ममज्जुः (mamajjuḥ) - they sank, they plunged

• अर्णवे (arṇave) - in the ocean, in the water

• के (ke) - some, who

• चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness, some, any

• गुहाः (guhāḥ) - caves

• के (ke) - some, who

• चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness, some, any

• समाश्रिताः (samāśritāḥ) - sought refuge in, resorted to

• निषेदुः (niṣeduḥ) - they sat down, they sank down

• प्लवगाः (plavagāḥ) - monkeys (lit. 'jumpers', 'those who go by leaping')

• के (ke) - some, who

• चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness, some, any

• के (ke) - some, who

• चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness, some, any

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - just, indeed, only

• अवतत्स्थिरे (avatatsthire) - they stood still, they remained, they were firm

Words meanings and morphology

ममज्जुः (mamajjuḥ) - they sank, they plunged

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of majj

Reduplicated perfect tense form.

Root: majj (class 6)

अर्णवे (arṇave) - in the ocean, in the water

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of arṇava

arṇava - ocean, sea, waves, water

के (ke) - some, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - what, which, who

चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness, some, any

(indeclinable)

गुहाः (guhāḥ) - caves

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of guhā

guhā - cave, cavern, hiding place

Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'samāśritāḥ'.

के (ke) - some, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - what, which, who

चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness, some, any

(indeclinable)

समाश्रिताः (samāśritāḥ) - sought refuge in, resorted to

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāśrita

samāśrita - resorted to, sought refuge in, protected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śri (to resort to, seek refuge) with prefixes sam- and ā- and suffix -ita.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

निषेदुः (niṣeduḥ) - they sat down, they sank down

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of niṣad

Reduplicated perfect tense form of root sad (to sit) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: sad (class 1)

प्लवगाः (plavagāḥ) - monkeys (lit. 'jumpers', 'those who go by leaping')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavaga

plavaga - monkey, ape (one who goes by leaping)

Upapada compound of 'plava' (leaping/floating) and 'ga' (going).

Compound type : upapada (plava+ga)

• plava – leaping, jumping, swimming, floating
  noun (masculine)
  From root plu (to float, swim, jump).
  Root: plu (class 1)
• ga – going, moving, a goer
  noun
  From root gam (to go) with suffix -a.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'niṣeduḥ'.

के (ke) - some, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - what, which, who

चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness, some, any

(indeclinable)

के (ke) - some, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - what, which, who

चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness, some, any

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - just, indeed, only

(indeclinable)

अवतत्स्थिरे (avatatsthire) - they stood still, they remained, they were firm

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (Lit) of avasthā

Reduplicated perfect tense form of root sthā (to stand) with prefix ava-.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)