वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-54, verse-11

लोहितार्द्रास्तु बहवः शेरते वानरर्षभाः ।
निरस्ताः पतिता भूमौ ताम्रपुष्पा इव द्रुमाः ॥११॥

11. lohitārdrāstu bahavaḥ śerate vānararṣabhāḥ ,
nirastāḥ patitā bhūmau tāmrapuṣpā iva drumāḥ.

11. lohitārdrāḥ tu bahavaḥ śerate vānararṣabhāḥ
nirastāḥ patitāḥ bhūmau tāmrapuṣpāḥ iva drumāḥ

11. tu bahavaḥ lohitārdrāḥ vānararṣabhāḥ śerate (te)
nirastāḥ patitāḥ tāmrapuṣpāḥ drumāḥ iva bhūmau (śerate)

11. Many excellent monkeys (vānararṣabhāḥ), drenched in blood, lay fallen on the ground, like copper-flowered trees (drumāḥ) that have been uprooted.

Words meanings summery:

• लोहितार्द्राः (lohitārdrāḥ) - moist with blood, drenched in blood

• तु (tu) - emphasizing the contrast or consequence (but, indeed, however)

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

• शेरते (śerate) - they lie (dead or wounded) (they lie, they repose)

• वानरर्षभाः (vānararṣabhāḥ) - excellent monkeys, best of monkeys

• निरस्ताः (nirastāḥ) - uprooted (like trees) (cast down, thrown down, uprooted)

• पतिताः (patitāḥ) - fallen, having fallen

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• ताम्रपुष्पाः (tāmrapuṣpāḥ) - like trees with copper-colored flowers (having copper-colored flowers)

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

Words meanings and morphology

लोहितार्द्राः (lohitārdrāḥ) - moist with blood, drenched in blood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of lohitārdra

lohitārdra - moist with blood, red and wet

Compound of lohita (blood, red) and ārdra (moist, wet).

Compound type : tatpurusha (lohita+ārdra)

• lohita – red, blood-red, blood
  noun (neuter)
• ārdra – wet, moist, tender
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies vānararṣabhāḥ.

तु (tu) - emphasizing the contrast or consequence (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Modifies vānararṣabhāḥ.

शेरते (śerate) - they lie (dead or wounded) (they lie, they repose)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of śī

Root: śī (class 2)

वानरर्षभाः (vānararṣabhāḥ) - excellent monkeys, best of monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānararṣabha

vānararṣabha - excellent monkey, best of monkeys

Compound of vānara (monkey) and ṛṣabha (bull, best of its kind).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vānara+ṛṣabha)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

निरस्ताः (nirastāḥ) - uprooted (like trees) (cast down, thrown down, uprooted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirasta

nirasta - cast down, thrown out, uprooted, rejected

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root as (to throw) with prefix nir.

Prefix: nis

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Modifies vānararṣabhāḥ and drumāḥ in the simile.

पतिताः (patitāḥ) - fallen, having fallen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, descended

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies vānararṣabhāḥ and drumāḥ in the simile.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

ताम्रपुष्पाः (tāmrapuṣpāḥ) - like trees with copper-colored flowers (having copper-colored flowers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāmrapuṣpa

tāmrapuṣpa - having copper-colored flowers

Compound of tāmra (copper, reddish-brown) and puṣpa (flower).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tāmra+puṣpa)

• tāmra – copper, reddish-brown
  noun (neuter)
• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies drumāḥ.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree

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