वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-66, verse-10

तदस्मिन् कार्यनियोगे वीरैवं दुरतिक्रमे ।
किं पश्यसि समाधानं ब्रूहि कार्यविदां वर ॥१०॥

10. tadasmin kāryaniyoge vīraivaṃ duratikrame ,
kiṃ paśyasi samādhānaṃ brūhi kāryavidāṃ vara.

10. tat asmin kāryaniyoge vīra evam duratikrame |
kim paśyasi samādhānam brūhi kāryavidām vara

10. Therefore, O hero, what solution (samādhāna) do you see for this assignment, which is so difficult to overcome? Tell me, O best among those skilled in action.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - therefore, so, that

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, on this

• कार्यनियोगे (kāryaniyoge) - in this assignment of a task, in this charge of duty

• वीर (vīra) - Addressed to Hanuman (O hero!, brave one)

• एवम् (evam) - Qualifies 'duratikrame' (thus, so, in this manner)

• दुरतिक्रमे (duratikrame) - Modifies 'kāryaniyoge' (difficult to overcome, insurmountable)

• किम् (kim) - what?

• पश्यसि (paśyasi) - you see

• समाधानम् (samādhānam) - a solution, a remedy, concentration

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell! speak!

• कार्यविदाम् (kāryavidām) - of those who know tasks, of experts in action

• वर (vara) - Addressed to Hanuman, qualifying 'kāryavidām' (O best one! excellent one!)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - therefore, so, that

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverbial particle meaning 'therefore'

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this, on this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Locative singular of idam (this)

कार्यनियोगे (kāryaniyoge) - in this assignment of a task, in this charge of duty

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāryaniyoga

kāryaniyoga - assignment of a task, charge of duty, undertaking of work

Compound of kārya + niyoga

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kārya+niyoga)

• kārya – to be done, duty, task, business
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root √kṛ 'to do'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• niyoga – appointment, assignment, injunction, command
  noun (masculine)
  From ni-√yuj
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yuj (class 7)

वीर (vīra) - Addressed to Hanuman (O hero!, brave one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Addressed to Hanuman

एवम् (evam) - Qualifies 'duratikrame' (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Qualifies duratikrame

दुरतिक्रमे (duratikrame) - Modifies 'kāryaniyoge' (difficult to overcome, insurmountable)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of duratikrama

duratikrama - difficult to overcome, hard to surmount, insurmountable

Compound of dur- (difficult) + ati-krama (overcoming)

Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (dur+atikrama)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• atikrama – transgression, overcoming, passing over
  noun (masculine)
  From ati-√kram
  Prefix: ati
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying kāryaniyoge

किम् (kim) - what?

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Direct object of paśyasi

पश्यसि (paśyasi) - you see

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present stem of √dṛś is paśya

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: 2nd person singular present active of √dṛś (to see)

समाधानम् (samādhānam) - a solution, a remedy, concentration

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samādhāna

samādhāna - solution, remedy, composure, concentration, fixing

From sam-ā-√dhā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Direct object of paśyasi

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell! speak!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: 2nd person singular imperative active of √brū (to speak)

कार्यविदाम् (kāryavidām) - of those who know tasks, of experts in action

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kāryavid

kāryavid - one who knows what is to be done, expert in action

Compound of kārya + vid

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kārya+vid)

• kārya – to be done, duty, task, business
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root √kṛ 'to do'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• vid – knowing, one who knows
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root √vid 'to know'
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Genitive plural of kāryavid

वर (vara) - Addressed to Hanuman, qualifying 'kāryavidām' (O best one! excellent one!)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, boon, choice

Note: Used in vocative as an address, agrees with kāryavidām

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