वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-61, verse-1

ततो मूर्ध्ना निपतितं वानरं वानरर्षभः ।
दृष्ट्वैवोद्विग्नहृदयो वाक्यमेतदुवाच ह ॥१॥

1. tato mūrdhnā nipatitaṃ vānaraṃ vānararṣabhaḥ ,
dṛṣṭvaivodvignahṛdayo vākyametaduvāca ha.

1. tataḥ mūrdhnā nipatitam vānaram vānararṣabhaḥ
dṛṣṭvā eva udvignahṛdayaḥ vākyam etat uvāca ha

1. tataḥ vānararṣabhaḥ udvignahṛdayaḥ mūrdhnā
nipatitam vānaram dṛṣṭvā eva etat vākyam ha uvāca

1. Then, the chief of monkeys (Sugriva), seeing the monkey prostrated with his head, spoke these words with an agitated heart.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore

• मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - by the head, with the head

• निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen, prostrated

• वानरम् (vānaram) - monkey

• वानरर्षभः (vānararṣabhaḥ) - Sugriva (chief of monkeys, best of monkeys)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• उद्विग्नहृदयः (udvignahṛdayaḥ) - with an agitated heart, troubled-hearted

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• एतत् (etat) - this

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (particle)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore

(indeclinable)

adverb formed from pronominal base tad

मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - by the head, with the head

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head

निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen, prostrated

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen, prostrated, descended

Past Passive Participle

From verb pat (to fall) with prefix ni (down, into)

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

वानरम् (vānaram) - monkey

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

वानरर्षभः (vānararṣabhaḥ) - Sugriva (chief of monkeys, best of monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānararṣabha

vānararṣabha - best among monkeys, chief of monkeys

Compound type : Tatpurusha (vānara+ṛṣabha)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

उद्विग्नहृदयः (udvignahṛdayaḥ) - with an agitated heart, troubled-hearted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udvignahṛdaya

udvignahṛdaya - one whose heart is agitated/troubled

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (udvigna+hṛdaya)

• udvigna – agitated, troubled, disturbed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'vij' (to tremble) with prefix 'ud'
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vij (class 6)
• hṛdaya – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (particle)

(indeclinable)