वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-18, verse-14

त्वां समासाद्य वैदेहि रूपयौवनशालिनीम् ।
कः पुमानतिवर्तेत साक्षादपि पितामहः ॥१४॥

14. tvāṃ samāsādya vaidehi rūpayauvanaśālinīm ,
kaḥ pumānativarteta sākṣādapi pitāmahaḥ.

14. tvām samāsādya vaidehi rūpayauvanaśālinīm
kaḥ pumān ativarteta sākṣāt api pitāmahaḥ

14. vaidehi rūpayauvanaśālinīm tvām samāsādya
kaḥ pumān sākṣāt api pitāmahaḥ ativarteta

14. O Vaidehī, having obtained you, who are resplendent with beauty and youth, what man could abandon you? Not even Brahmā (pitāmaha) himself.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (referring to Sītā) (you, to you)

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having obtained (having approached, having obtained, having reached)

• वैदेहि (vaidehi) - O Vaidehī (Sītā) (O Vaidehī (daughter of Videha))

• रूपयौवनशालिनीम् (rūpayauvanaśālinīm) - resplendent with beauty and youth (endowed with beauty and youth, radiant with form and youth)

• कः (kaḥ) - what (man)? (who? what? which?)

• पुमान् (pumān) - man (man, male)

• अतिवर्तेत (ativarteta) - could abandon (would surpass, would transgress, would abandon, would resist)

• साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - himself (directly, in person) (directly, visibly, in person)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, indeed)

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Brahmā (pitāmaha) (grandfather, Brahmā (the creator god))

Words meanings and morphology

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (referring to Sītā) (you, to you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Second person pronoun

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having obtained (having approached, having obtained, having reached)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root sad (to sit, to go) with upasargas sam- and ā- and suffix -ya (lab absolutive)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

वैदेहि (vaidehi) - O Vaidehī (Sītā) (O Vaidehī (daughter of Videha))

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - princess of Videha, Sītā

Derived from Videha (name of a kingdom/king) with feminine suffix -ī

रूपयौवनशालिनीम् (rūpayauvanaśālinīm) - resplendent with beauty and youth (endowed with beauty and youth, radiant with form and youth)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rūpayauvanaśālin

rūpayauvanaśālin - endowed with beauty and youth, radiant with form and youth

Compound of rūpa (form), yauvana (youth), and śālin (possessing, endowed with)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (rūpa+yauvana+śālin)

• rūpa – form, beauty
  noun (neuter)
• yauvana – youth, prime of life
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from yuvan (young) with suffix -ana
• śālin – possessing, endowed with, radiant
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root śāl (to shine, to be splendid)
  Root: śāl (class 1)

Note: Feminine accusative singular form

कः (kaḥ) - what (man)? (who? what? which?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun

पुमान् (pumān) - man (man, male)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pums

pums - man, male, human being

अतिवर्तेत (ativarteta) - could abandon (would surpass, would transgress, would abandon, would resist)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of ativṛt

Optative Middle

Derived from root vṛt (to turn, to be) with upasarga ati-

Prefix: ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)

साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - himself (directly, in person) (directly, visibly, in person)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (also, even, indeed)

(indeclinable)

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Brahmā (pitāmaha) (grandfather, Brahmā (the creator god))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, Brahmā (the creator god)

Compound of pitṛ (father) and maha (great/respected)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pitṛ+maha)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• maha – great, respected
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Often refers to Brahmā, the creator, as 'the great father' or 'grandfather of all'.

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