वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-18, verse-12

इदं ते चारुसंजातं यौवनं व्यतिवर्तते ।
यदतीतं पुनर्नैति स्रोतः शीघ्रमपामिव ॥१२॥

12. idaṃ te cārusaṃjātaṃ yauvanaṃ vyativartate ,
yadatītaṃ punarnaiti srotaḥ śīghramapāmiva.

12. idam te cāru-saṃjātam yauvanam vyativartate
yat atītam punaḥ na eti srotaḥ śīghram apām iva

12. te idam cāru-saṃjātam yauvanam vyativartate.
yat atītam punaḥ na eti,
śīghram apām srotaḥ iva.

12. This beautiful youth of yours is passing away. What has passed does not return, just like a swift current of water.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (this, here)

• ते (te) - of yours (your, to you)

• चारु-संजातम् (cāru-saṁjātam) - beautiful (beautifully arisen, lovely, splendid)

• यौवनम् (yauvanam) - youth (youth, youthfulness)

• व्यतिवर्तते (vyativartate) - is passing away (passes away, passes by, transgresses)

• यत् (yat) - what (which, what, that)

• अतीतम् (atītam) - has passed (passed, gone, elapsed)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, back, furthermore)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एति (eti) - returns (goes, comes, proceeds)

• स्रोतः (srotaḥ) - current (current, stream, flow)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - swift (swift, quick, rapid)

• अपाम् (apām) - of water (of waters)

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (this, here)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this (neuter nominative/accusative singular)

ते (te) - of yours (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

चारु-संजातम् (cāru-saṁjātam) - beautiful (beautifully arisen, lovely, splendid)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cāru-saṃjāta

cāru-saṁjāta - beautifully arisen, lovely, splendid

Compound type : karmadhāraya (cāru+saṃjāta)

• cāru – agreeable, lovely, beautiful, charming
  adjective (masculine)
  From √car (to move, go), or √cāru (to shine)
  Root: car (class 1)
• saṃjāta – produced, born, arisen, become
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam-√jan (to be born, produce)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jan (class 4)

यौवनम् (yauvanam) - youth (youth, youthfulness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yauvana

yauvana - youth, youthfulness

Derived from yuvan (young) + aṇa (taddhita suffix)

व्यतिवर्तते (vyativartate) - is passing away (passes away, passes by, transgresses)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vyati-vṛt

Present Indicative 3rd Person Singular

Root √vṛt, 1st class (Ātmanepada) with prefixes vyati (vi + ati)

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)

यत् (yat) - what (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

अतीतम् (atītam) - has passed (passed, gone, elapsed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of atīta

atīta - passed, gone, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

From ati-√i (to pass by, go beyond)

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Functions as a noun here: 'that which has passed'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, back, furthermore)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

एति (eti) - returns (goes, comes, proceeds)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

Present Indicative 3rd Person Singular

Root √i, 2nd class (Parasmaipada)

Root: i (class 2)

स्रोतः (srotaḥ) - current (current, stream, flow)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of srotas

srotas - stream, current, flow, channel

From √sru (to flow)

Root: sru (class 1)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - swift (swift, quick, rapid)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śīghra

śīghra - swift, quick, rapid

अपाम् (apām) - of water (of waters)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Previous Verse Next Verse