वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-22, verse-2

तं प्राप्तविजयं वाली सुग्रीवं प्लवगेश्वरम् ।
आभाष्य व्यक्तया वाचा सस्नेहमिदमब्रवीत् ॥२॥

2. taṃ prāptavijayaṃ vālī sugrīvaṃ plavageśvaram ,
ābhāṣya vyaktayā vācā sasnehamidamabravīt.

2. tam prāptavijayam vālī sugrīvam plavageśvaram
| ābhāṣya vyaktayā vācā sasneham idam abravīt

2. vālī tam prāptavijayam plavageśvaram sugrīvam
ābhāṣya vyaktayā vācā sasneham idam abravīt

2. Vali, having addressed Sugriva, the lord of the monkeys who had achieved victory, spoke these words to him affectionately and with clear speech.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Sugriva) (him, that)

• प्राप्तविजयम् (prāptavijayam) - who had achieved victory (who had obtained victory)

• वाली (vālī) - Vali (name of the monkey king)

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

• प्लवगेश्वरम् (plavageśvaram) - lord of monkeys

• आभाष्य (ābhāṣya) - having addressed (having addressed, having spoken to)

• व्यक्तया (vyaktayā) - with clear (with clear, distinct)

• वाचा (vācā) - with speech (with speech, with words)

• सस्नेहम् (sasneham) - affectionately (afflictionately, with love)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Sugriva) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sugriva.

प्राप्तविजयम् (prāptavijayam) - who had achieved victory (who had obtained victory)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāptavijaya

prāptavijaya - one who has obtained victory

Bahuvrihi compound: prāpta (obtained, P.P.P. of prā-āp) + vijaya (victory).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāpta+vijaya)

• prāpta – obtained, reached, gained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of pra-āp (to obtain, reach).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• vijaya – victory, conquest, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from vi-ji (to conquer).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Modifies Sugriva.

वाली (vālī) - Vali (name of the monkey king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Vali (proper name of a monkey king)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (proper name, 'beautiful-necked')

Compound: su (good/beautiful) + grīvā (neck).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīvā)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of ābhāṣya.

प्लवगेश्वरम् (plavageśvaram) - lord of monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of plavageśvara

plavageśvara - lord of monkeys

Compound: plavaga (monkey) + īśvara (lord). Vowel sandhi a+ī=e.

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (plavaga+īśvara)

• plavaga – monkey, ape (lit. 'sky-goer')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: plava (leaping) + ga (going).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from īś (to rule).
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Appositive to Sugriva.

आभाष्य (ābhāṣya) - having addressed (having addressed, having spoken to)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of ā-bhāṣ (to speak to, address).

Prefix: ā

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

व्यक्तया (vyaktayā) - with clear (with clear, distinct)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vyakta

vyakta - clear, distinct, manifest

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. of vi-añj (to manifest, make clear).

Prefix: vi

Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Modifies vācā.

वाचा (vācā) - with speech (with speech, with words)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

Note: Means of speaking.

सस्नेहम् (sasneham) - affectionately (afflictionately, with love)

(indeclinable)

Compound: sa (with) + sneha (affection). Adverbial accusative.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+sneha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• sneha – affection, love, tenderness, oil
  noun (masculine)
  Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Used adverbially.

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Object of abravīt, referring to the speech.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect indicative (luṅ) of bru

Imperfect Indicative

Root: bru (class 2)