वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-59, verse-3

क्व नु लक्ष्मण वैदेही कं वा देशमितो गता ।
केनाहृता वा सौमित्रे भक्षिता केन वा प्रिया ॥३॥

3. kva nu lakṣmaṇa vaidehī kaṃ vā deśamito gatā ,
kenāhṛtā vā saumitre bhakṣitā kena vā priyā.

3. kva nu lakṣmaṇa vaidehī kam vā deśam itaḥ gatā
kena āhṛtā vā saumitre bhakṣitā kena vā priyā

3. lakṣmaṇa nu vaidehī kva asti? vā itaḥ kam deśam
gatā? vā saumitre kena priyā āhṛtā? vā kena bhakṣitā?

3. O Lakshmana, where, pray, is Vaidehi? Or to which region has she gone from here? O Saumitra, by whom has my beloved (Sītā) been carried away, or by whom has she been devoured?

Words meanings summery:

• क्व (kva) - where?

• नु (nu) - expresses inquiry or emphasis (indeed, pray, now)

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakshmana

• वैदेही (vaidehī) - Vaidehi (Sita)

• कम् (kam) - which (region) (what, which)

• वा (vā) - or

• देशम् (deśam) - region, place, country

• इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hence

• गता (gatā) - gone, departed

• केन (kena) - by whom, by what

• आहृता (āhṛtā) - carried away, abducted, brought

• वा (vā) - or

• सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O son of Sumitra (Lakshmana)

• भक्षिता (bhakṣitā) - eaten, devoured

• केन (kena) - by whom, by what

• वा (vā) - or

• प्रिया (priyā) - my beloved (Sita) (beloved, dear one)

Words meanings and morphology

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb, from 'ka' (who/what).

Note: Adverb of place.

नु (nu) - expresses inquiry or emphasis (indeed, pray, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle.

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (name of Rama's brother)

Note: Addressing Lakshmana.

वैदेही (vaidehī) - Vaidehi (Sita)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - Sita (daughter of Videha, king Janaka)

Patronymic from 'videha'.

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is' (asti).

कम् (kam) - which (region) (what, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun stem.

Note: Interrogative pronoun, agreeing with `deśam`.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

देशम् (deśam) - region, place, country

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country

Note: Object of `gatā` (motion towards).

इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hence

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'i' (this) + suffix 'tas'.

Note: Adverb of motion from.

गता (gatā) - gone, departed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) + suffix 'kta'.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `vaidehī`, acting as a finite verb with implied 'is'.

केन (kena) - by whom, by what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun stem.

Note: Agent in a passive construction (implied `āhṛtā`).

आहृता (āhṛtā) - carried away, abducted, brought

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āhṛta

āhṛta - carried, brought, abducted, taken away

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ā' + root 'hṛ' (to carry) + suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `priyā`, acting as a finite verb with implied 'is'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O son of Sumitra (Lakshmana)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitra (Lakshmana)

Patronymic from 'sumitrā'.

Note: Addressing Lakshmana.

भक्षिता (bhakṣitā) - eaten, devoured

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhakṣita

bhakṣita - eaten, devoured

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhakṣ' (to eat) + suffix 'kta'.

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies `priyā`, acting as a finite verb with implied 'is'.

केन (kena) - by whom, by what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun stem.

Note: Agent in a passive construction (implied `bhakṣitā`).

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

प्रिया (priyā) - my beloved (Sita) (beloved, dear one)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of priya

priya - beloved, dear, pleasing

Note: Subject of `āhṛtā` and `bhakṣitā`.