वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-59, verse-23

उवाच दीनया वाचा दुःखाभिहतचेतनः ।
वनं सर्वं सुविचितं पद्मिन्यः फुल्लपङ्कजाः ॥२३॥

23. uvāca dīnayā vācā duḥkhābhihatacetanaḥ ,
vanaṃ sarvaṃ suvicitaṃ padminyaḥ phullapaṅkajāḥ.

23. uvāca dīnayā vācā duḥkhābhihatacetanaḥ vanam
sarvam suvicitam padminyaḥ phullapaṅkajāḥ

23. duḥkhābhihatacetanaḥ dīnayā vācā uvāca sarvam
vanam suvicitam padminyaḥ phullapaṅkajāḥ

23. His mind overwhelmed with sorrow, he spoke in a mournful voice: "The entire forest has been thoroughly searched; the lotus ponds are full of blooming lotuses."

Words meanings summery:

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (Rāma) (he said, he spoke)

• दीनया (dīnayā) - with a mournful (by a miserable, by a wretched, by a sorrowful)

• वाचा (vācā) - with a voice (by voice, with speech)

• दुःखाभिहतचेतनः (duḥkhābhihatacetanaḥ) - whose mind was overwhelmed with sorrow (whose mind is struck by sorrow, sorrow-stricken in mind)

• वनम् (vanam) - the forest (forest, wood)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - the entire (all, entire, whole)

• सुविचितम् (suvicitam) - thoroughly searched (well-searched, thoroughly investigated)

• पद्मिन्यः (padminyaḥ) - the lotus ponds (lotus ponds, collection of lotuses)

• फुल्लपङ्कजाः (phullapaṅkajāḥ) - are full of blooming lotuses (whose lotuses are blooming, full-blown lotuses)

Words meanings and morphology

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (Rāma) (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

Root 'vac' (2nd class verb: vakti), perfect tense 3rd person singular, active voice (reduplicated form).

Root: vac (class 2)

दीनया (dīnayā) - with a mournful (by a miserable, by a wretched, by a sorrowful)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dīna

dīna - miserable, wretched, sorrowful, dejected

Note: Instrumental singular feminine form, modifying 'vācā'.

वाचा (vācā) - with a voice (by voice, with speech)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - voice, speech, word

Note: Instrumental singular form.

दुःखाभिहतचेतनः (duḥkhābhihatacetanaḥ) - whose mind was overwhelmed with sorrow (whose mind is struck by sorrow, sorrow-stricken in mind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhābhihatacetana

duḥkhābhihatacetana - whose mind is struck by sorrow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duḥkha+abhihata+cetana)

• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• abhihata – struck, afflicted, overwhelmed
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike, to slay) with upasarga 'abhi'. Formed with 'kta' affix.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: han (class 2)
• cetana – mind, consciousness, sentient being
  noun (masculine)

Note: Nominative singular masculine form, refers to the subject of 'uvāca' (Rāma).

वनम् (vanam) - the forest (forest, wood)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Nominative singular form.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - the entire (all, entire, whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Nominative singular neuter form, modifying 'vanam'.

सुविचितम् (suvicitam) - thoroughly searched (well-searched, thoroughly investigated)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of suvicita

suvicita - well-searched, well-investigated, thoroughly explored

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'ci' (to seek, to observe) with upasargas 'su' and 'vi'. Formed with 'kta' affix.

Prefixes: su+vi

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Nominative singular neuter form, refers to 'vanam'.

पद्मिन्यः (padminyaḥ) - the lotus ponds (lotus ponds, collection of lotuses)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of padminī

padminī - lotus pond, collection of lotuses, lotus-like woman

Feminine form of 'padmin' (having lotuses).

Note: Nominative plural form.

फुल्लपङ्कजाः (phullapaṅkajāḥ) - are full of blooming lotuses (whose lotuses are blooming, full-blown lotuses)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of phullapaṅkajā

phullapaṅkajā - having blooming lotuses, full-blown lotuses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (phulla+paṅkaja)

• phulla – blooming, expanded, opened
  adjective
  From root 'phull' (to blossom).
  Root: phull (class 1)
• paṅkaja – lotus (born in mud)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'paṅka' (mud) and 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Nominative plural feminine form, referring to 'padminyaḥ'.