वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-59, verse-11

इतीव विलपन् रामः सीतादर्शनलालसः ।
न ददर्श सुदुःखार्तो राघवो जनकात्मजाम् ॥११॥

11. itīva vilapan rāmaḥ sītādarśanalālasaḥ ,
na dadarśa suduḥkhārto rāghavo janakātmajām.

11. iti iva vilapan rāmaḥ sītādarśanalālasaḥ na
dadarśa suduḥkhārtaḥ rāghavaḥ janakātmajām

11. rāmaḥ sītādarśanalālasaḥ suduḥkhārtaḥ rāghavaḥ
iti iva vilapan janakātmajām na dadarśa

11. Lamenting thus, as if, Rama, longing for the sight of Sita, and deeply distressed, the descendant of Raghu (Rāghava) did not see Janaka's daughter (Sita).

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner, here ends)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• विलपन् (vilapan) - lamenting (lamenting, wailing, weeping)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (Rama (proper noun))

• सीतादर्शनलालसः (sītādarśanalālasaḥ) - longing for the sight of Sita (eager to see Sita, longing for the sight of Sita)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw (he saw, he looked)

• सुदुःखार्तः (suduḥkhārtaḥ) - deeply distressed (greatly distressed by sorrow, deeply afflicted by pain)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Raghava (Rama) (descendant of Raghu, Rama)

• जनकात्मजाम् (janakātmajām) - Janaka's daughter (Sita) (daughter of Janaka, Sita)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner, here ends)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Refers to the preceding lamentation.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for comparison.

Note: Indicates comparison.

विलपन् (vilapan) - lamenting (lamenting, wailing, weeping)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vilapat

vilapat - lamenting, crying, wailing

Present Active Participle

From prefix vi- and root lap (to speak, lament).

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rāmaḥ'.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (Rama (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (the hero of the Ramayana), pleasing, delightful, black (in some contexts)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence (along with Rāghavaḥ).

सीतादर्शनलालसः (sītādarśanalālasaḥ) - longing for the sight of Sita (eager to see Sita, longing for the sight of Sita)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sītādarśanalālasa

sītādarśanalālasa - eager for the sight of Sita, desirous of seeing Sita

Compound of Sītā (Sita), darśana (sight), and lālasa (eager, longing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sītā+darśana+lālasa)

• sītā – Sita (wife of Rama), furrow
  proper noun (feminine)
• darśana – sight, seeing, view, philosophy
  noun (neuter)
  Agent noun / Action noun
  From root dṛś (to see) + -ana suffix.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• lālasa – eager, desirous, longing, craving
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  From root lal (to play, to long).
  Root: lal (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rāmaḥ'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the verb 'dadarśa'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw (he saw, he looked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect tense

From root dṛś (to see), third person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The main verb of the sentence.

सुदुःखार्तः (suduḥkhārtaḥ) - deeply distressed (greatly distressed by sorrow, deeply afflicted by pain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suduhkhārta

suduhkhārta - greatly distressed by pain, deeply afflicted by sorrow

Compound of su- (very, intensely), duḥkha (sorrow, pain), and ārta (afflicted, distressed, P.P.P. of root ṛ).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+duḥkha+ārta)

• su – good, well, very, intensely
  indeclinable
  prefix
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow, misery
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering, pained
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ṛ (to go, to move) used in the sense of affliction, or related to ā-ṛ (to hurt).
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'rāmaḥ' and 'rāghavaḥ'.

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Raghava (Rama) (descendant of Raghu, Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

Patronymic from Raghu.

Note: Another name for Rama, functioning as the main subject.

जनकात्मजाम् (janakātmajām) - Janaka's daughter (Sita) (daughter of Janaka, Sita)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of janakātmajā

janakātmajā - daughter of Janaka, Sita

Compound of Janaka (King Janaka) and ātmajā (daughter, born of self).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (janaka+ātmajā)

• janaka – Janaka (King of Videha, father of Sita), father, progenitor
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ātmajā – daughter
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine of ātmaja (son, born of self). Compound of ātman (self) and jā (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'dadarśa'.