वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-59, verse-20

नेह पश्यामि सौमित्रे वैदेहीं पर्वते शुभे ।
ततो दुःखाभिसंतप्तो लक्ष्मणो वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥२०॥

20. neha paśyāmi saumitre vaidehīṃ parvate śubhe ,
tato duḥkhābhisaṃtapto lakṣmaṇo vākyamabravīt.

20. na iha paśyāmi saumitre vaidehīm parvate śubhe |
tataḥ duḥkhābhisaṃtaptaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ vākyam abravīt

20. saumitre,
iha śubhe parvate vaidehīm na paśyāmi tataḥ duḥkhābhisaṃtaptaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ vākyam abravīt

20. "O Saumitri, I do not see Vaidehī (Sītā) on this beautiful mountain." Thereupon, afflicted with sorrow, Lakṣmaṇa spoke.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• इह (iha) - here (on this mountain) (here, in this world)

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see (I see, I behold)

• सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Lakṣmaṇa (O Saumitri, O son of Sumitrā)

• वैदेहीम् (vaidehīm) - Sītā (Vaidehī, princess of Videha (Sītā))

• पर्वते (parvate) - on this mountain (on the mountain)

• शुभे (śubhe) - beautiful (beautiful, auspicious, bright)

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (then, thereupon, thence)

• दुःखाभिसंतप्तः (duḥkhābhisaṁtaptaḥ) - afflicted with sorrow (afflicted by sorrow, tormented by grief)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, a statement (word, speech, sentence)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Lakṣmaṇa) spoke (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

इह (iha) - here (on this mountain) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see (I see, I behold)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

present (laṭ)

1st person singular present active voice of root dṛś, takes 'paśya' stem

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is Rāma.

सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Lakṣmaṇa (O Saumitri, O son of Sumitrā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā (Lakṣmaṇa)

patronymic from Sumitrā

Note: Addressed by Rāma.

वैदेहीम् (vaidehīm) - Sītā (Vaidehī, princess of Videha (Sītā))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - woman from Videha, Sītā

from Videha + ī (feminine suffix)

Note: Object of seeing.

पर्वते (parvate) - on this mountain (on the mountain)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

Note: Location.

शुभे (śubhe) - beautiful (beautiful, auspicious, bright)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, beautiful, bright, good, pure

Note: Qualifies parvate.

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (then, thereupon, thence)

(indeclinable)

from tad (that) + tas (suffix for 'from')

Note: Adverb of time/sequence.

दुःखाभिसंतप्तः (duḥkhābhisaṁtaptaḥ) - afflicted with sorrow (afflicted by sorrow, tormented by grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhābhisaṃtapta

duḥkhābhisaṁtapta - tormented by sorrow, afflicted with pain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+abhisaṃtapta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• abhisaṃtapta – tormented, afflicted, heated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root tap with upasargas abhi- and sam-
  Prefixes: abhi+sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies lakṣmaṇaḥ.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (name of Rāma's younger brother)

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, a statement (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement, declaration

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Lakṣmaṇa) spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect (laṅ)

3rd person singular imperfect active voice

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Subject is Lakṣmaṇa.