वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-59, verse-12

अनासादयमानं तं सीतां दशरथात्मजम् ।
पङ्कमासाद्य विपुलं सीदन्तमिव कुञ्जरम् ।
लक्ष्मणो राममत्यर्थमुवाच हितकाम्यया ॥१२॥

12. anāsādayamānaṃ taṃ sītāṃ daśarathātmajam ,
paṅkamāsādya vipulaṃ sīdantamiva kuñjaram ,
lakṣmaṇo rāmamatyarthamuvāca hitakāmyayā.

12. anāsādayamānam tam sītām
daśarathātmajam paṅkam āsādya vipulam
sīdantam iva kuñjaram lakṣmaṇaḥ
rāmam atyartham uvāca hitakāmyayā

12. lakṣmaṇaḥ hitakāmyayā atyartham
rāmam uvāca tam daśarathātmajam
sītām anāsādayamānam vipulam paṅkam
āsādya sīdantam kuñjaram iva

12. Lakshmana, out of a desire for his welfare, spoke greatly to Rama, the son of Dasaratha, who was unable to find Sita, and who was like an elephant sinking after having fallen into vast mud.

Words meanings summery:

• अनासादयमानम् (anāsādayamānam) - not finding (Sita) (not finding, not obtaining, not reaching)

• तम् (tam) - him (Rama) (him, that)

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

• दशरथात्मजम् (daśarathātmajam) - son of Dasaratha (Rama) (son of Dasaratha, Rama)

• पङ्कम् (paṅkam) - mud (mud, mire, dirt, sin)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having fallen into (having approached, having reached, having obtained, having fallen into)

• विपुलम् (vipulam) - vast (mud) (vast, extensive, wide, great, abundant)

• सीदन्तम् (sīdantam) - sinking (sinking, perishing, being dejected)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• कुञ्जरम् (kuñjaram) - an elephant (elephant)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (Lakshmana (proper noun))

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - greatly (greatly, excessively, very much)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

• हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - out of a desire for his welfare (with a desire for welfare, for his well-being)

Words meanings and morphology

अनासादयमानम् (anāsādayamānam) - not finding (Sita) (not finding, not obtaining, not reaching)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anāsādayamāna

anāsādayamāna - not reaching, not finding, not obtaining

Present Middle Participle

Formed from a- (not) + ā-sad (to reach, obtain) in the causative stem (sādaya) + -māna suffix.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+āsādayamāna)

• a – not, un-, in-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• āsādayamāna – reaching, obtaining, finding, making to approach
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Present Middle Participle (Causative)
  From prefix ā- and root sad (to sit, perish) in its causative form (sādayati - causes to sit, reaches) + -māna suffix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' (Rama).

तम् (tam) - him (Rama) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun stem.

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (wife of Rama), furrow

दशरथात्मजम् (daśarathātmajam) - son of Dasaratha (Rama) (son of Dasaratha, Rama)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daśarathātmaja

daśarathātmaja - son of Dasaratha, Rama

Compound of Daśaratha (King Dasaratha) and ātmaja (son, born of self).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśaratha+ātmaja)

• daśaratha – Dasharatha (king of Ayodhya, father of Rama)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of ātman (self) and jā (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' (Rama).

पङ्कम् (paṅkam) - mud (mud, mire, dirt, sin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paṅka

paṅka - mud, mire, dirt, sin, stain

From root pañj (to move, go).

Root: pañj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āsādya'.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having fallen into (having approached, having reached, having obtained, having fallen into)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefix ā- and root sad (to sit, sink, perish) + suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Describes the action of the elephant in the simile.

विपुलम् (vipulam) - vast (mud) (vast, extensive, wide, great, abundant)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vipula

vipula - vast, extensive, large, great, abundant, deep

From vi- (apart, wide) and pṛ (to fill) or pul (to be large).

Note: Agrees with 'paṅkam'.

सीदन्तम् (sīdantam) - sinking (sinking, perishing, being dejected)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sīdat

sīdat - sinking, perishing, being dejected, becoming exhausted

Present Active Participle

From root sad (to sink, sit, perish), 1st conjugation, parasmaipada.

Root: sad (class 1)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for comparison.

Note: Indicates comparison.

कुञ्जरम् (kuñjaram) - an elephant (elephant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant

From kuñj (to roar) + ara, or from kuñja (bower) + ra.

Note: Refers to the elephant in the simile.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (Lakshmana (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (brother of Rama), auspicious mark, characteristic

From lakṣma (mark, sign).

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (the hero of the Ramayana), pleasing, delightful

Root: ram (class 1)

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - greatly (greatly, excessively, very much)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage of the adjective atyartha (from ati- + artha).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
  prefix
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, object, thing
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverb.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

From root vac (to speak), 2nd conjugation, parasmaipada.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb.

हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - out of a desire for his welfare (with a desire for welfare, for his well-being)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hitakāmyā

hitakāmyā - desire for good, desire for welfare, benevolence

Compound of hita (beneficial, welfare) and kāmyā (desire, longing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hita+kāmyā)

• hita – beneficial, salutary, good, welfare
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place, to put).
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• kāmyā – desire, longing, wish, lovely
  noun (feminine)
  From root kam (to desire).
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Adverbial, indicating the purpose or motive.