वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-59, verse-26

स विह्वलितसर्वाङ्गो गतबुद्धिर्विचेतनः ।
विषसादातुरो दीनो निःश्वस्याशीतमायतम् ॥२६॥

26. sa vihvalitasarvāṅgo gatabuddhirvicetanaḥ ,
viṣasādāturo dīno niḥśvasyāśītamāyatam.

26. saḥ vihvalitasarvāṅgaḥ gatabuddhiḥ vicetanaḥ
viṣasādāturaḥ dīnaḥ niḥśvasya aśītam āyatam

26. saḥ vihvalitasarvāṅgaḥ gatabuddhiḥ vicetanaḥ
viṣasādāturaḥ dīnaḥ aśītam āyatam niḥśvasya

26. With all his limbs trembling, deprived of his senses, unconscious, afflicted by despondency, and miserable, he sighed deeply and at length.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• विह्वलितसर्वाङ्गः (vihvalitasarvāṅgaḥ) - whose every limb is agitated/trembling, with all limbs distraught

• गतबुद्धिः (gatabuddhiḥ) - deprived of intellect/sense, confused, senseless

• विचेतनः (vicetanaḥ) - senseless, unconscious, inanimate, deprived of consciousness

• विषसादातुरः (viṣasādāturaḥ) - afflicted by despondency, distressed by sadness

• दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed, miserable, wretched, sad

• निःश्वस्य (niḥśvasya) - having sighed, after sighing

• अशीतम् (aśītam) - Refers to the intensity of the sigh, meaning a warm, deep sigh. (deeply (lit. not cold), warmly, intensely)

• आयतम् (āyatam) - Refers to the length of the sigh, meaning a long sigh. (long, extended, protracted)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विह्वलितसर्वाङ्गः (vihvalitasarvāṅgaḥ) - whose every limb is agitated/trembling, with all limbs distraught

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihvalitasarvāṅga

vihvalitasarvāṅga - with all limbs trembling/agitated

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vihvalita+sarva+aṅga)

• vihvalita – agitated, bewildered, confused, trembling
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'hval' (to stumble, totter) with prefix 'vi-'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: hval (class 1)
• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• aṅga – limb, body part, constituent
  noun (neuter)

गतबुद्धिः (gatabuddhiḥ) - deprived of intellect/sense, confused, senseless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gatabuddhi

gatabuddhi - deprived of intellect/sense, senseless, confused

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+buddhi)

• gata – gone, departed, reached, understood
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception, mind
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

विचेतनः (vicetanaḥ) - senseless, unconscious, inanimate, deprived of consciousness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicetana

vicetana - senseless, unconscious, inanimate

Compound 'vi' (without) + 'cetana' (consciousness).

Compound type : avyayībhāva / karmadhāraya (vi+cetana)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable denoting separation, opposition, or privation.
• cetana – conscious, sentient, having consciousness
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root 'cit'
  Derived from root 'cit' (to perceive, think) with suffix '-ana'.
  Root: cit (class 1)

विषसादातुरः (viṣasādāturaḥ) - afflicted by despondency, distressed by sadness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣasādātura

viṣasādātura - distressed by despondency

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṣāda+ātura)

• viṣāda – despondency, dejection, sadness, despair
  noun (masculine)
  Verbal noun
  Derived from root 'sad' (to sink, despond) with prefix 'vi-'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sad (class 1)
• ātura – distressed, afflicted, suffering, sick
  adjective (masculine)

दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed, miserable, wretched, sad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, miserable, wretched, sad, poor

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dā' (to give) with prefix 'di-' (?). More commonly, considered an adjective with its own root-like origin meaning 'depressed, wretched'.

निःश्वस्य (niḥśvasya) - having sighed, after sighing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'śvas' (to breathe, sigh) with prefix 'nis-' and suffix '-ya' for absolutive.

Prefix: nis

Root: śvas (class 2)

अशीतम् (aśītam) - Refers to the intensity of the sigh, meaning a warm, deep sigh. (deeply (lit. not cold), warmly, intensely)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśīta

aśīta - not cold, warm, deep, intense

Negative compound 'a-' (not) + 'śīta' (cold). Used adverbially here.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śīta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• śīta – cold, cool
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'śyai' (to be cold).
  Root: śyai (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

आयतम् (āyatam) - Refers to the length of the sigh, meaning a long sigh. (long, extended, protracted)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āyata

āyata - long, extended, stretched, broad

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yam' (to stretch, extend) with prefix 'ā-'.

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.