वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-37, verse-5

तां नयेन च संपन्नो धर्मेण निवयेन च ।
उवाच राजा कैकेयीं समीक्ष्य व्यथितेन्द्रियः ॥५॥

5. tāṃ nayena ca saṃpanno dharmeṇa nivayena ca ,
uvāca rājā kaikeyīṃ samīkṣya vyathitendriyaḥ.

5. tām nayena ca saṃpannaḥ dharmeṇa nivayena ca
uvāca rājā kaikeyīm samīkṣya vyathitendriyaḥ

5. nayena ca dharmeṇa ca nivayena saṃpannaḥ rājā
vyathitendriyaḥ samīkṣya tām kaikeyīm uvāca

5. The king, endowed with prudence, (dharma) righteousness, and humility, looked at Kaikeyī with troubled senses and spoke to her.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her (Kaikeyī) (her, that (feminine))

• नयेन (nayena) - by policy, by prudence, by proper conduct

• च (ca) - and, also

• संपन्नः (saṁpannaḥ) - endowed with, possessed of, accomplished

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by (dharma) righteousness, by (natural law)

• निवयेन (nivayena) - by humility, by modesty, by discipline

• च (ca) - and, also

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• कैकेयीम् (kaikeyīm) - to Kaikeyi

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed, looking at

• व्यथितेन्द्रियः (vyathitendriyaḥ) - whose senses were troubled/distressed, with troubled senses

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her (Kaikeyī) (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, her

नयेन (nayena) - by policy, by prudence, by proper conduct

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of naya

naya - leading, guiding, policy, prudence, proper conduct

Root: nī (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

संपन्नः (saṁpannaḥ) - endowed with, possessed of, accomplished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃpanna

saṁpanna - endowed with, furnished with, possessed of, accomplished, successful

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. from root pad- 'to go, fall' with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: agrees with 'rājā'

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by (dharma) righteousness, by (natural law)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - (dharma) natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

निवयेन (nivayena) - by humility, by modesty, by discipline

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nivaya

nivaya - humility, modesty, discipline, good conduct

variant or synonym of vinaya

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

कैकेयीम् (kaikeyīm) - to Kaikeyi

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyī (a proper noun, name of a queen)

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed, looking at

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root īkṣ- 'to see' with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

व्यथितेन्द्रियः (vyathitendriyaḥ) - whose senses were troubled/distressed, with troubled senses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyathitendriya

vyathitendriya - whose senses are troubled, having distressed senses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyathita+indriya)

• vyathita – troubled, distressed, disturbed, agitated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. from root vyath- 'to tremble, be distressed'
  Root: vyath (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty (of sense or action), virility
  noun (neuter)

Note: agrees with 'rājā'