वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-37, verse-15

स नूनं क्व चिदेवाद्य वृक्षमूलमुपाश्रितः ।
काष्ठं वा यदि वाश्मानमुपधाय शयिष्यते ॥१५॥

15. sa nūnaṃ kva cidevādya vṛkṣamūlamupāśritaḥ ,
kāṣṭhaṃ vā yadi vāśmānamupadhāya śayiṣyate.

15. saḥ nūnam kva cit eva adya vṛkṣamūlam upāśritaḥ
| kāṣṭham vā yadi vā aśmānam upadhāya śayiṣyate

15. saḥ nūnam adya kva cit eva vṛkṣamūlam upāśritaḥ
kāṣṭham vā yadi vā aśmānam upadhāya śayiṣyate

15. Surely, today he must have taken refuge somewhere at the root of a tree, and he will lie down, using either a log or a stone as a pillow.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Rama (he, that)

• नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

• क्व (kva) - where, somewhere

• चित् (cit) - a certain, some (particle indicating indefiniteness)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• वृक्षमूलम् (vṛkṣamūlam) - the root of a tree

• उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - having taken refuge, resorted to, dependent on

• काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - a log, wood

• वा (vā) - or

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• वा (vā) - or

• अश्मानम् (aśmānam) - a stone, rock

• उपधाय (upadhāya) - having placed under, having used as a pillow

• शयिष्यते (śayiṣyate) - he will lie down, he will sleep

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Rama (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

क्व (kva) - where, somewhere

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial form of 'kim'

चित् (cit) - a certain, some (particle indicating indefiniteness)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with interrogative pronouns/adverbs to make them indefinite, e.g., 'kva cit' = 'somewhere'

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

वृक्षमूलम् (vṛkṣamūlam) - the root of a tree

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛkṣamūla

vṛkṣamūla - root of a tree

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛkṣa+mūla)

• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)
• mūla – root, origin, base
  noun (neuter)

उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - having taken refuge, resorted to, dependent on

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāśrita

upāśrita - resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent on, occupying

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'śri' (to resort to, serve) with upasargas 'upa' and 'ā'

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - a log, wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāṣṭha

kāṣṭha - piece of wood, log, timber, stick

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अश्मानम् (aśmānam) - a stone, rock

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aśman

aśman - stone, rock, thunderbolt

उपधाय (upadhāya) - having placed under, having used as a pillow

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Gerund/Absolutive from the root 'dhā' (to place) with upasarga 'upa'

Prefix: upa

Root: dhā (class 3)

शयिष्यते (śayiṣyate) - he will lie down, he will sleep

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future indicative (lṛṭ) of śī

Root: śī (class 2)