वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-37, verse-18

सकामा भव कैकेयि विधवा राज्यमावस ।
न हि तं पुरुषव्याघ्रं विना जीवितुमुत्सहे ॥१८॥

18. sakāmā bhava kaikeyi vidhavā rājyamāvasa ,
na hi taṃ puruṣavyāghraṃ vinā jīvitumutsahe.

18. sakāmā bhava kaikeyi vidhavā rājyam āvasa na
hi tam puruṣavyāghram vinā jīvitum utsahe

18. kaikeyi sakāmā bhava vidhavā rājyam āvasa hi
tam puruṣavyāghram vinā jīvitum na utsahe

18. Kaikeyi, be content with your desires; rule the kingdom as a widow. Indeed, I cannot bear to live without that tiger among men.

Words meanings summery:

• सकामा (sakāmā) - having desires, desirous, fulfilled in desires

• भव (bhava) - be, become

• कैकेयि (kaikeyi) - O Kaikeyi

• विधवा (vidhavā) - widow, widowed

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, reign

• आवस (āvasa) - dwell, inhabit, rule

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

• पुरुषव्याघ्रम् (puruṣavyāghram) - Rama, who is the 'tiger among men' (tiger among men, best of men)

• विना (vinā) - without

• जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live, for living

• उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am able, I venture, I desire

Words meanings and morphology

सकामा (sakāmā) - having desires, desirous, fulfilled in desires

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sakāmā

sakāmā - desirous, having desires, one whose desires are fulfilled

Compound of sa (with) and kāma (desire)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+kāma)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root √kam (to desire)
  Root: √kam (class 1)

भव (bhava) - be, become

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Root: √bhū (class 1)

कैकेयि (kaikeyi) - O Kaikeyi

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyi (name of a queen)

Feminine noun

विधवा (vidhavā) - widow, widowed

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidhavā

vidhavā - widow, widowed woman

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, reign

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty

From rājan (king)

आवस (āvasa) - dwell, inhabit, rule

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vas

With prefix ā, meaning to occupy or rule

Prefix: ā

Root: √vas (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

पुरुषव्याघ्रम् (puruṣavyāghram) - Rama, who is the 'tiger among men' (tiger among men, best of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, excellent man

Compound meaning 'a man like a tiger'

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, human being
  noun (masculine)
  From √jan (to be born)
  Root: √jan (class 4)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

विना (vinā) - without

(indeclinable)

Used with accusative, instrumental, or ablative

जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live, for living

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive of the root √jīv (to live)

Root: √jīv (class 1)

उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am able, I venture, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sah

Present tense, 1st person singular, middle voice, from root √sah (to be able, endure) with prefix ut (up, forth)

Prefix: ut

Root: √sah (class 1)