वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-37, verse-3

न पश्यति रजो ऽप्यस्य यदा रामस्य भूमिपः ।
तदार्तश्च विषण्णश्च पपात धरणीतले ॥३॥

3. na paśyati rajo'pyasya yadā rāmasya bhūmipaḥ ,
tadārtaśca viṣaṇṇaśca papāta dharaṇītale.

3. na paśyati rajaḥ api asya yadā rāmasya bhūmipaḥ
tadā ārtaḥ ca viṣaṇṇaḥ ca papāta dharaṇītale

3. yadā bhūmipaḥ rāmasya asya rajaḥ api na paśyati
tadā ārtaḥ ca viṣaṇṇaḥ ca dharaṇītale papāta

3. When the king no longer saw even a trace of his Rāma, then, distressed and dejected, he fell to the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, beholds

• रजः (rajaḥ) - a trace (of Rāma) (dust, speck, trace, pollen)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• अस्य (asya) - of him (Rāma) (his, of him)

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• भूमिपः (bhūmipaḥ) - king, ruler

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering

• च (ca) - and, also

• विषण्णः (viṣaṇṇaḥ) - dejected, depressed, sad, disheartened

• च (ca) - and, also

• पपात (papāta) - fell down, collapsed

• धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, beholds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of paś

present stem of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रजः (rajaḥ) - a trace (of Rāma) (dust, speck, trace, pollen)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, dirt, speck, trace, pollen, gloom, passion

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of him (Rāma) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name, particularly the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)

भूमिपः (bhūmipaḥ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūmipa

bhūmipa - king, ruler, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pa)

• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  derived from root pā- 'to protect'
  Root: pā (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, pained, suffering

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. from root ṛ- 'to go, move' with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विषण्णः (viṣaṇṇaḥ) - dejected, depressed, sad, disheartened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣaṇṇa

viṣaṇṇa - dejected, depressed, disheartened, sad

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. from root sad- 'to sit, sink' with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पपात (papāta) - fell down, collapsed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dharaṇītala

dharaṇītala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharaṇī+tala)

• dharaṇī – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, ground, plane, level
  noun (neuter)