वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-13, verse-22

स राजवचनं श्रुत्वा शिरसा प्रतिपूज्य तम् ।
निर्जगाम नृपावासान्मन्यमानः प्रियं महत् ॥२२॥

22. sa rājavacanaṃ śrutvā śirasā pratipūjya tam ,
nirjagāma nṛpāvāsānmanyamānaḥ priyaṃ mahat.

22. saḥ rājavacanam śrutvā śirasā pratipūjya tam
nirjagāma nṛpāvāsāt manyamānaḥ priyam mahat

22. saḥ rājavacanam śrutvā tam śirasā pratipūjya
nṛpāvāsāt priyam mahat manyamānaḥ nirjagāma

22. Having heard the king's command and honored him by bowing his head, he departed from the royal dwelling, considering it a great favor.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Referring to the charioteer (Sumantra). (he, that)

• राजवचनम् (rājavacanam) - The instructions given by King Dasaratha. (king's word, royal command)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - The charioteer having heard the king's words. (having heard)

• शिरसा (śirasā) - By bowing his head, a gesture of respect. (with the head, by the head)

• प्रतिपूज्य (pratipūjya) - The charioteer showing respect to the king. (having honored, having revered)

• तम् (tam) - Referring to the king. (him, that)

• निर्जगाम (nirjagāma) - The charioteer left the palace. (departed, went out)

• नृपावासात् (nṛpāvāsāt) - The place from which the charioteer departed. (from the king's dwelling/palace)

• मन्यमानः (manyamānaḥ) - The charioteer's internal thought while departing. (thinking, considering, believing)

• प्रियम् (priyam) - The command or task given by the king was considered a great favor/pleasure. (dear, pleasing, beloved, a favor)

• महत् (mahat) - A great or important favor. (great, large, important)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Referring to the charioteer (Sumantra). (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'tad'.

राजवचनम् (rājavacanam) - The instructions given by King Dasaratha. (king's word, royal command)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājavacana

rājavacana - king's word, royal command

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+vacana)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• vacana – speech, word, saying, command
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  from root vac (to speak)
  Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - The charioteer having heard the king's words. (having heard)

(indeclinable)

root

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Indeclinable participle (gerund) showing prior action.

शिरसा (śirasā) - By bowing his head, a gesture of respect. (with the head, by the head)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

प्रतिपूज्य (pratipūjya) - The charioteer showing respect to the king. (having honored, having revered)

(indeclinable)

root

Prefix: prati

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Indeclinable participle (gerund) showing prior action, formed with 'prati' and root 'pūj'.

तम् (tam) - Referring to the king. (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine accusative singular of 'tad'.

निर्जगाम (nirjagāma) - The charioteer left the palace. (departed, went out)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of nirgam

root

Prefix: nis

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Perfect tense form of root 'gam' with upasarga 'nis'.

नृपावासात् (nṛpāvāsāt) - The place from which the charioteer departed. (from the king's dwelling/palace)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nṛpāvāsa

nṛpāvāsa - king's dwelling, royal palace

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpa+āvāsa)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• āvāsa – dwelling, residence, house
  noun (masculine)
  from root vas (to dwell) with upasarga ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vas (class 1)

मन्यमानः (manyamānaḥ) - The charioteer's internal thought while departing. (thinking, considering, believing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manyamāna

manyamāna - thinking, considering, believing

Present Middle Participle

from root man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Present middle participle, agreeing with 'saḥ' (he).

प्रियम् (priyam) - The command or task given by the king was considered a great favor/pleasure. (dear, pleasing, beloved, a favor)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable, a favor, a pleasing thing

Note: Used substantively, agreeing with 'mahat'.

महत् (mahat) - A great or important favor. (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, important

Note: Agreeing with 'priyam'.

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