वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-13, verse-20

स्तुवन्तं तं तदा सूतं सुमन्त्रं मन्त्रकोविदम् ।
प्रतिबुध्य ततो राजा इदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥२०॥

20. stuvantaṃ taṃ tadā sūtaṃ sumantraṃ mantrakovidam ,
pratibudhya tato rājā idaṃ vacanamabravīt.

20. stuvantam tam tadā sūtam sumantram mantrakovidam
pratibudhya tataḥ rājā idam vacanam abravīt

20. tataḥ rājā pratibudhya stuvantam tam sumantram
sūtam mantrakovidam idam vacanam abravīt

20. Having awakened, the king then spoke these words to that charioteer Sumantra, who was praising him and was skilled in counsel (mantra).

Words meanings summery:

• स्तुवन्तम् (stuvantam) - The charioteer (Sumantra) was praising the king. (praising, extolling)

• तम् (tam) - Referring to Sumantra, the charioteer. (him, that)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• सूतम् (sūtam) - The king's charioteer, Sumantra. (charioteer)

• सुमन्त्रम् (sumantram) - The name of the charioteer. (Sumantra (proper name))

• मन्त्रकोविदम् (mantrakovidam) - Sumantra was skilled in advising the king. (skilled in counsel, expert in sacred formulas (mantra))

• प्रतिबुध्य (pratibudhya) - The king having woken up. (having awakened, having woken up)

• ततः (tataḥ) - Indicating a sequence of events. (then, thereafter, from that)

• राजा (rājā) - King Daśaratha. (king)

• इदम् (idam) - Referring to the words spoken next. (this)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - The king's instructions. (word, speech, command)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - The king spoke. (spoke, said)

Words meanings and morphology

स्तुवन्तम् (stuvantam) - The charioteer (Sumantra) was praising the king. (praising, extolling)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of stuvat

stuvat - praising, extolling

Present Active Participle

from root stu (to praise)

Root: stu (class 2)

Note: Declined form of the present active participle, agreeing with 'sūtam' and 'sumantram'.

तम् (tam) - Referring to Sumantra, the charioteer. (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine accusative singular of 'tad'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

from 'tad' (that)

सूतम् (sūtam) - The king's charioteer, Sumantra. (charioteer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, herald

from root sū (to impel, to drive)

Root: sū (class 1)

सुमन्त्रम् (sumantram) - The name of the charioteer. (Sumantra (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sumantra

sumantra - Sumantra (proper name of Daśaratha's charioteer and minister), good counsel, good mantra

मन्त्रकोविदम् (mantrakovidam) - Sumantra was skilled in advising the king. (skilled in counsel, expert in sacred formulas (mantra))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mantrakovida

mantrakovida - skilled in counsel, expert in sacred formulas (mantra), knowledgeable in policy

Compound type : tatpurusha (mantra+kovida)

• mantra – sacred utterance, hymn, counsel, plan
  noun (masculine)
  from root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)
• kovida – skilled, expert, wise, knowing
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agreeing with 'sūtam' and 'sumantram'.

प्रतिबुध्य (pratibudhya) - The king having woken up. (having awakened, having woken up)

(indeclinable)

root

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 4)

Note: Indeclinable participle (gerund) showing prior action.

ततः (tataḥ) - Indicating a sequence of events. (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - King Daśaratha. (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

इदम् (idam) - Referring to the words spoken next. (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Neuter accusative singular, agreeing with 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - The king's instructions. (word, speech, command)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying, command

verbal noun

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - The king spoke. (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

root

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Imperfect tense form of root 'brū'.