वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-13, verse-27

स वाजियुक्तेन रथेन सारथिर्नराकुलं राजकुलं विलोकयन् ।
ततः समासाद्य महाधनं महत् प्रहृष्टरोमा स बभूव सारथिः ॥२७॥

27. sa vājiyuktena rathena sārathirnarākulaṃ rājakulaṃ vilokayan ,
tataḥ samāsādya mahādhanaṃ mahat prahṛṣṭaromā sa babhūva sārathiḥ.

27. saḥ vāji-yuktena rathena sārathiḥ
nara-ākulam rāja-kulam vilokayan
tataḥ samāsādya mahā-dhanam mahat
prahṛṣṭa-romā saḥ babhūva sārathiḥ

27. saḥ sārathiḥ vāji-yuktena rathena
nara-ākulam rāja-kulam vilokayan
tataḥ mahā-dhanam mahat samāsādya
saḥ sārathiḥ prahṛṣṭa-romā babhūva

27. The charioteer, in his horse-drawn chariot, observed the royal palace bustling with people. As he then approached that magnificent and richly endowed palace, his hair stood on end with excitement.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• वाजि-युक्तेन (vāji-yuktena) - by that yoked with horses, by the horse-yoked

• रथेन (rathena) - by the chariot

• सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - charioteer

• नर-आकुलम् (nara-ākulam) - crowded with men/people

• राज-कुलम् (rāja-kulam) - royal palace/family

• विलोकयन् (vilokayan) - observing, looking at

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having obtained

• महा-धनम् (mahā-dhanam) - great wealth, very rich

• महत् (mahat) - great, grand, large

• प्रहृष्ट-रोमा (prahṛṣṭa-romā) - with hair standing on end, thrilled

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

• सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - charioteer

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वाजि-युक्तेन (vāji-yuktena) - by that yoked with horses, by the horse-yoked

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāji-yukta

vāji-yukta - yoked with horses, drawn by horses

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vājin+yukta)

• vājin – horse, winged
  noun (masculine)
• yukta – yoked, joined, connected, engaged, suitable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yuj (to yoke, join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

रथेन (rathena) - by the chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver

नर-आकुलम् (nara-ākulam) - crowded with men/people

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nara-ākula

nara-ākula - crowded with people, bustling with men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+ākula)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• ākula – confused, agitated, full of, crowded
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies "rāja-kulam"

राज-कुलम् (rāja-kulam) - royal palace/family

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rāja-kula

rāja-kula - royal family, royal household, royal palace

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+kula)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, house, palace
  noun (neuter)

विलोकयन् (vilokayan) - observing, looking at

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vilokayat

vilokayat - observing, looking at

Present Active Participle

Root lok (to see) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Qualifies "sārathiḥ"

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

(indeclinable)

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having obtained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root sad (to sit, approach) with prefixes sam-ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

महा-धनम् (mahā-dhanam) - great wealth, very rich

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahā-dhana

mahā-dhana - having great wealth, very rich (adjective); great wealth (noun)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahant+dhana)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies "rāja-kulam" (implied from context)

महत् (mahat) - great, grand, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahant

mahant - great, large, mighty, grand

Note: Qualifies "rāja-kulam" (implied from context)

प्रहृष्ट-रोमा (prahṛṣṭa-romā) - with hair standing on end, thrilled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahṛṣṭa-roman

prahṛṣṭa-roman - whose hair stands on end, thrilled, overjoyed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prahṛṣṭa+roman)

• prahṛṣṭa – thrilled, greatly pleased, overjoyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root hṛṣ (to thrill, be glad) with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• roman – hair (on the body)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies "sārathiḥ"

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver