वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-109, verse-27

प्राप्नुवन्त्ययशश्चैव धर्मभ्रंशं च मैथिलि ।
अकार्य वशमापन्नाः स्त्रियो याः खलु तद्विधाः ॥२७॥

27. prāpnuvantyayaśaścaiva dharmabhraṃśaṃ ca maithili ,
akārya vaśamāpannāḥ striyo yāḥ khalu tadvidhāḥ.

27. prāpnuvanti ayaśaḥ ca eva dharmabhraṃśam ca maithili
akāryavaśam āpannāḥ striyaḥ yāḥ khalu tadvidhāḥ

27. maithili yāḥ striyaḥ khalu tadvidhāḥ akāryavaśam
āpannāḥ ayaśaḥ ca eva dharmabhraṃśam ca prāpnuvanti

27. O Maithili, those women who indeed succumb to misconduct and are of that kind (as described previously) certainly incur dishonor and a fall from their natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• प्राप्नुवन्ति (prāpnuvanti) - they incur (they obtain, they acquire, they incur, they reach)

• अयशः (ayaśaḥ) - dishonor, infamy, disgrace

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed / certainly (indeed, certainly, only)

• धर्मभ्रंशम् (dharmabhraṁśam) - a fall from their natural law (dharma) (loss of natural law (dharma), moral downfall)

• च (ca) - and

• मैथिलि (maithili) - O Sītā (O Maithili (an epithet of Sītā))

• अकार्यवशम् (akāryavaśam) - succumb to misconduct (sway of impropriety, control of misconduct, subject to wrong action)

• आपन्नाः (āpannāḥ) - having succumbed to, having fallen under the sway of (having fallen into, having attained, undergone, reached)

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

• याः (yāḥ) - who, which (feminine plural)

• खलु (khalu) - certainly (indeed, surely, certainly, truly)

• तद्विधाः (tadvidhāḥ) - of that kind (as described in the previous verse) (of that kind, such, similar)

Words meanings and morphology

प्राप्नुवन्ति (prāpnuvanti) - they incur (they obtain, they acquire, they incur, they reach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of āp

Present active indicative, 3rd person plural

From prefix 'pra' + root '√āp' (to obtain, reach). Present stem 'prāpnu'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Subject is 'striyaḥ' (from the relative clause)

अयशः (ayaśaḥ) - dishonor, infamy, disgrace

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ayaśas

ayaśas - dishonor, infamy, disgrace, ignominy

From 'a' (not) + 'yaśas' (fame)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+yaśas)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• yaśas – fame, glory, honor
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'prāpnuvanti'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction particle

Note: Connects 'ayaśaḥ' and 'dharmabhraṃśam'

एव (eva) - indeed / certainly (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word

धर्मभ्रंशम् (dharmabhraṁśam) - a fall from their natural law (dharma) (loss of natural law (dharma), moral downfall)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmabhraṃśa

dharmabhraṁśa - loss of natural law (dharma), moral fall, deviation from duty

Tatpurusha compound: 'dharma' (natural law) + 'bhraṃśa' (fall, loss)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+bhraṃśa)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• bhraṃśa – fall, deviation, loss, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhraṃś (to fall)
  Root: bhraṃś (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prāpnuvanti'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction particle

Note: Connects 'ayaśaḥ' and 'dharmabhraṃśam'

मैथिलि (maithili) - O Sītā (O Maithili (an epithet of Sītā))

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - a woman from Mithila, Sītā (daughter of Janaka, king of Mithila)

Feminine patronymic from Mithila

Note: Refers to Sītā

अकार्यवशम् (akāryavaśam) - succumb to misconduct (sway of impropriety, control of misconduct, subject to wrong action)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of akāryavaśa

akāryavaśa - sway of impropriety, control of misconduct, subject to wrong action

Tatpurusha compound: 'akārya' (improper action) + 'vaśa' (control, sway)

Compound type : tatpurusha (akārya+vaśa)

• akārya – improper, wrong, not to be done, unseemly action
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive with negation
  From 'a' (not) + 'kārya' (to be done, duty)
  Prefix: a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• vaśa – will, power, control, sway
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'āpannāḥ' (acting as a noun phrase)

आपन्नाः (āpannāḥ) - having succumbed to, having fallen under the sway of (having fallen into, having attained, undergone, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āpanna

āpanna - having reached, attained, fallen into, undergone

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ā' + root '√pad' (to go, to fall)

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'striyaḥ'

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

Note: Subject for 'prāpnuvanti' via 'yāḥ'

याः (yāḥ) - who, which (feminine plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'striyaḥ'

खलु (khalu) - certainly (indeed, surely, certainly, truly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

Note: Emphatic particle

तद्विधाः (tadvidhāḥ) - of that kind (as described in the previous verse) (of that kind, such, similar)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tadvidha

tadvidha - of that kind, such, similar, of such a sort

Compound: 'tad' (that) + 'vidha' (kind, sort)

Compound type : tatpurusha (tad+vidha)

• tad – that, those
  pronoun
  Demonstrative pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'striyaḥ'

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