वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-109, verse-21

ततः सीतां महाभागां दृष्ट्वा तां धर्मचारिणीम् ।
सान्त्वयन्त्यब्रवीद्धृष्टा दिष्ट्या धर्ममवेक्षसे ॥२१॥

21. tataḥ sītāṃ mahābhāgāṃ dṛṣṭvā tāṃ dharmacāriṇīm ,
sāntvayantyabravīddhṛṣṭā diṣṭyā dharmamavekṣase.

21. tataḥ sītām mahābhāgām dṛṣṭvā tām dharmacāriṇīm
sāntvayantī abravīt hṛṣṭā diṣṭyā dharmam avekṣase

21. tataḥ hṛṣṭā sāntvayantī tām mahābhāgām dharmacāriṇīm
sītām dṛṣṭvā abravīt diṣṭyā dharmam avekṣase

21. Then, having seen the illustrious and righteous Sita, the delighted ascetic, consoling her, said, 'It is indeed fortunate that you observe your intrinsic nature (dharma).'

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

• महाभागाम् (mahābhāgām) - greatly fortunate, illustrious, noble

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• ताम् (tām) - Refers to Sita. (her, that (feminine))

• धर्मचारिणीम् (dharmacāriṇīm) - one who practices (dharma), righteous woman

• सान्त्वयन्ती (sāntvayantī) - consoling, comforting

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - she spoke, she said

• हृष्टा (hṛṣṭā) - joyful, delighted, pleased

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good fortune

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - Refers to Sita's marital duty/righteous conduct. (intrinsic nature (dharma), duty, righteousness)

• अवेक्षसे (avekṣase) - you observe, you regard, you follow

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverbial particle from `tad`.

सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (daughter of Janaka, wife of Rama)

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

महाभागाम् (mahābhāgām) - greatly fortunate, illustrious, noble

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahābhāgā

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, illustrious, noble, exalted

Feminine form of `mahābhāga`.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – portion, share, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  From root `bhaj` (to divide, share).
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `sītām`.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `dṛś` (to see) with suffix `-tvā`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ताम् (tām) - Refers to Sita. (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Redundant, refers to Sita, who is already named.

धर्मचारिणीम् (dharmacāriṇīm) - one who practices (dharma), righteous woman

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharmacāriṇī

dharmacāriṇī - a righteous woman, one who observes religious duties (dharma)

Feminine of `dharmacārin` (one who practices `dharma`).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+cārin)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• cārin – moving, walking, practicing, observing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root `car` (to move, to practice).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `sītām`.

सान्त्वयन्ती (sāntvayantī) - consoling, comforting

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sāntvayantī

sāntvayant - consoling, comforting, appeasing

Present Active Participle

From causal of root `sāntv` (to console). Feminine nominative singular.

Root: sāntv (class 10)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective or secondary predicate for the implied speaker (the ascetic).

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - she spoke, she said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active 3rd singular

Augment `a-` + root `brū` (irregular imperfect).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Refers to the ascetic.

हृष्टा (hṛṣṭā) - joyful, delighted, pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, pleased

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root `hṛṣ` (to be delighted, to rejoice).

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (the ascetic).

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good fortune

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix `tyā` (instrumental singular feminine) used as an adverb.

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Acts as an adverb.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - Refers to Sita's marital duty/righteous conduct. (intrinsic nature (dharma), duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, custom

From root `dhṛ` (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 3)

Note: Object of `avekṣase`.

अवेक्षसे (avekṣase) - you observe, you regard, you follow

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of īkṣ

Present Middle 2nd singular

From root `īkṣ` (to see) with prefix `ava`.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'you' (Sita).