वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-109, verse-10

यया मूलफले सृष्टे जाह्नवी च प्रवर्तिता ।
उग्रेण तपसा युक्ता नियमैश्चाप्यलंकृता ॥१०॥

10. yayā mūlaphale sṛṣṭe jāhnavī ca pravartitā ,
ugreṇa tapasā yuktā niyamaiścāpyalaṃkṛtā.

10. yayā mūlaphalale sṛṣṭe jāhnavī ca pravartitā
ugreṇa tapasā yuktā niyamaiḥ ca api alaṁkṛtā

10. yayā mūlaphalale sṛṣṭe [abhavat],
ca jāhnavī pravartitā [abhavat].
[sā] ugreṇa tapasā yuktā ca api niyamaiḥ alaṁkṛtā [āsīt]

10. It was by her that roots and fruits were created, and the Ganges River was caused to flow. She was endowed with severe asceticism (tapas) and also adorned with observances.

Words meanings summery:

• यया (yayā) - by whom (Anasuyā) (by whom (feminine instrumental singular))

• मूलफलले (mūlaphalale) - roots and fruits (roots and fruits (dual))

• सृष्टे (sṛṣṭe) - were created (created (dual))

• जाह्नवी (jāhnavī) - the Ganges River (Ganges river)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्रवर्तिता (pravartitā) - was caused to flow (caused to flow, set in motion (feminine))

• उग्रेण (ugreṇa) - by severe (by severe, by fierce)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas) (by austerity, by asceticism)

• युक्ता (yuktā) - endowed (endowed, connected, united (feminine))

• नियमैः (niyamaiḥ) - by observances (by observances, by rules, by restraints)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

• अलंकृता (alaṁkṛtā) - adorned (adorned, embellished (feminine))

Words meanings and morphology

यया (yayā) - by whom (Anasuyā) (by whom (feminine instrumental singular))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Anasuyā, agent of creation/causing flow.

मूलफलले (mūlaphalale) - roots and fruits (roots and fruits (dual))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of mūlaphala

mūlaphala - roots and fruits

Compound type : dvandva (mūla+phala)

• mūla – root, origin
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, reward
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of implied action 'were created'.

सृष्टे (sṛṣṭe) - were created (created (dual))

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, dual of sṛṣṭa

sṛṣṭa - created, formed, sent forth

Past Passive Participle

from root sṛj (to create)

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'mūlaphalale'.

जाह्नवी (jāhnavī) - the Ganges River (Ganges river)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāhnavī

jāhnavī - the Ganges river (feminine proper name)

Daughter of Jahnu, another name for Ganges

Note: Subject of 'pravartitā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

प्रवर्तिता (pravartitā) - was caused to flow (caused to flow, set in motion (feminine))

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pravartita

pravartita - set in motion, caused to flow, begun

Past Passive Participle

from pra-vṛt (to turn, proceed)

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'jāhnavī'.

उग्रेण (ugreṇa) - by severe (by severe, by fierce)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, severe, potent

Note: Qualifies 'tapasā'.

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas) (by austerity, by asceticism)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, asceticism, penance, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Instrument of being 'yuktā'.

युक्ता (yuktā) - endowed (endowed, connected, united (feminine))

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, endowed with, proper

Past Passive Participle

from root yuj (to join)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to Anasuyā (implied).

नियमैः (niyamaiḥ) - by observances (by observances, by rules, by restraints)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niyama

niyama - rule, restraint, religious observance

from ni-yam (to hold, restrain)

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Instrument of being 'alaṁkṛtā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अलंकृता (alaṁkṛtā) - adorned (adorned, embellished (feminine))

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of alaṁkṛta

alaṁkṛta - adorned, embellished, decorated

Past Passive Participle

from alam-kṛ (to adorn)

Prefix: alam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to Anasuyā (implied).