वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-65, verse-21

ततः परमकोपेन राजानो मुनिपुंगव ।
अरुन्धन्मिथिलां सर्वे वीर्यसंदेहमागताः ॥२१॥

21. tataḥ paramakopena rājāno munipuṃgava ,
arundhanmithilāṃ sarve vīryasaṃdehamāgatāḥ.

21. tataḥ paramakopena rājānaḥ munipuṅgava
arundhan mithilām sarve vīryasandeham āgatāḥ

21. Then, O chief among sages, all the kings, having become doubtful of their own valor, besieged Mithila with extreme anger.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• परमकोपेन (paramakopena) - with extreme anger, with great wrath

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• मुनिपुङ्गव (munipuṅgava) - O chief among sages, O best of ascetics

• अरुन्धन् (arundhan) - they besieged, they obstructed, they surrounded

• मिथिलाम् (mithilām) - Mithila (a city)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• वीर्यसन्देहम् (vīryasandeham) - doubt about prowess, uncertainty of strength

• आगताः (āgatāḥ) - having come, having reached, having obtained

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'tad' with suffix -tas

परमकोपेन (paramakopena) - with extreme anger, with great wrath

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of paramakopa

paramakopa - extreme anger, great wrath

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+kopa)

• parama – supreme, highest, utmost, extreme
  adjective
• kopa – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kup' (to be agitated) + 'ghañ' suffix
  Root: kup (class 4)

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

मुनिपुङ्गव (munipuṅgava) - O chief among sages, O best of ascetics

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of munipuṅgava

munipuṅgava - best of sages, chief among ascetics

Compound type : tatpurusha (muni+puṅgava)

• muni – sage, ascetic, contemplative
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull; chief, excellent, best (used as a suffix in compounds)
  noun (masculine)

अरुन्धन् (arundhan) - they besieged, they obstructed, they surrounded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of rudh

Imperfect 3rd plural active

Root: rudh (class 7)

मिथिलाम् (mithilām) - Mithila (a city)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mithilā

mithilā - Mithila (name of a city)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

वीर्यसन्देहम् (vīryasandeham) - doubt about prowess, uncertainty of strength

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vīryasandeha

vīryasandeha - doubt concerning strength or valor

Compound type : tatpurusha (vīrya+sandeha)

• vīrya – valor, strength, prowess, energy
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vīr (class 1)
• sandeha – doubt, uncertainty, suspicion
  noun (masculine)
  From 'sam' + 'dih' (to doubt)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dih (class 1)

आगताः (āgatāḥ) - having come, having reached, having obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From 'ā' + 'gam' (to go)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājānaḥ'.