वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-65, verse-19

तेषां जिज्ञासमानानां वीर्यं धनुरुपाहृतम् ।
न शेकुर्ग्रहणे तस्य धनुषस्तोलने ऽपि वा ॥१९॥

19. teṣāṃ jijñāsamānānāṃ vīryaṃ dhanurupāhṛtam ,
na śekurgrahaṇe tasya dhanuṣastolane'pi vā.

19. teṣām jijñāsamānānām vīryam dhanuḥ upāhṛtam
na śekuḥ grahaṇe tasya dhanuṣaḥ tolane api vā

19. vīryam jijñāsamānānām teṣām dhanuḥ upāhṛtam.
te tasya dhanuṣaḥ grahaṇe vā tolane api na śekuḥ

19. For those kings who were eager to test their valor, the bow was brought forward. But they were unable to even grasp or lift that bow.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (kings) (of them, to them)

• जिज्ञासमानानाम् (jijñāsamānānām) - of those (kings) desirous of testing (their valor) (of those desiring to know/test)

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor (which they desired to test) (valor, strength, heroism)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - the bow (bow)

• उपाहृतम् (upāhṛtam) - was brought (before them) (brought near, offered, presented)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• शेकुः (śekuḥ) - they were able

• ग्रहणे (grahaṇe) - in grasping (the bow) (in the grasping, in the taking)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (bow) (of that)

• धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - of that bow (of the bow)

• तोलने (tolane) - in lifting (the bow) (in the lifting, in the weighing)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• वा (vā) - or

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (kings) (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

जिज्ञासमानानाम् (jijñāsamānānām) - of those (kings) desirous of testing (their valor) (of those desiring to know/test)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jijñāsamāna

jijñāsamāna - desiring to know, wishing to learn, eager to test

present middle participle (desiderative)

Derived from desiderative stem of √jñā (class 9, jānāti) 'to know', with śānac suffix.

Root: jñā (class 9)

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor (which they desired to test) (valor, strength, heroism)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, strength, heroism, energy

Note: Object of jijñāsamānānām.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - the bow (bow)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Subject of upāhṛtam.

उपाहृतम् (upāhṛtam) - was brought (before them) (brought near, offered, presented)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upāhṛta

upāhṛta - brought near, offered, presented

past passive participle

Derived from root √hṛ (class 1, harati) 'to take, carry', with prefixes upa and ā, and suffix kta.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb śekuḥ.

शेकुः (śekuḥ) - they were able

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of śak

perfect active indicative

From root √śak (class 5, śaknoti).

Root: śak (class 5)

ग्रहणे (grahaṇe) - in grasping (the bow) (in the grasping, in the taking)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of grahaṇa

grahaṇa - grasping, seizing, taking, understanding

Derived from root √grah (class 9, gṛhṇāti) 'to grasp, take', with lyuṭ suffix.

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Refers to the action they were unable to perform.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (bow) (of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with dhanuṣaḥ.

धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - of that bow (of the bow)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Connected to grahaṇe and tolane.

तोलने (tolane) - in lifting (the bow) (in the lifting, in the weighing)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tolana

tolana - lifting, weighing, balancing

Derived from root √tul (class 1, tolati) 'to lift, weigh', with lyuṭ suffix.

Root: tul (class 1)

Note: Parallel to grahaṇe.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'even lifting.'

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects grahaṇe and tolane.