वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-62, verse-4

ततः कालेन महता मेनका परमाप्सराः ।
पुष्करेषु नरश्रेष्ठ स्नातुं समुपचक्रमे ॥४॥

4. tataḥ kālena mahatā menakā paramāpsarāḥ ,
puṣkareṣu naraśreṣṭha snātuṃ samupacakrame.

4. tataḥ kālena mahatā menakā paramāpsarāḥ
puṣkareṣu naraśreṣṭha snātum samupacakrame

4. naraśreṣṭha tataḥ mahatā kālena paramāpsarāḥ
menakā puṣkareṣu snātum samupacakrame

4. Then, O best of men, after a considerable period, Menaka, the foremost celestial nymph (apsarā), began to bathe in the Pushkara lakes.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• कालेन (kālena) - after a period (of time) (by time, in time, with time)

• महता (mahatā) - by a great/considerable (period) (by great, by large, by extensive)

• मेनका (menakā) - Menaka (proper name of the Apsara) (Menaka)

• परमाप्सराः (paramāpsarāḥ) - the foremost celestial nymph (foremost Apsara, chief celestial nymph)

• पुष्करेषु (puṣkareṣu) - in the Pushkara lakes (in the lotus-ponds, in the Pushkaras)

• नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best of men (addressing an interlocutor, typically Rama) (O best among men)

• स्नातुम् (snātum) - to bathe

• समुपचक्रमे (samupacakrame) - she began (she began, she undertook)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas from idam

कालेन (kālena) - after a period (of time) (by time, in time, with time)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, black, death

महता (mahatā) - by a great/considerable (period) (by great, by large, by extensive)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, important

Note: Masculine singular instrumental, agreeing with kālena

मेनका (menakā) - Menaka (proper name of the Apsara) (Menaka)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of menakā

menakā - Menaka (name of an Apsara)

Note: Subject of the sentence

परमाप्सराः (paramāpsarāḥ) - the foremost celestial nymph (foremost Apsara, chief celestial nymph)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paramāpsarā

paramāpsarā - foremost Apsara, chief celestial nymph

Compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (paramā+apsarā)

• paramā – foremost, supreme, excellent
  adjective (feminine)
• apsarā – celestial nymph, Apsara
  noun (feminine)

Note: Appositive to Menaka

पुष्करेषु (puṣkareṣu) - in the Pushkara lakes (in the lotus-ponds, in the Pushkaras)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of puṣkara

puṣkara - lotus, blue lotus, a lake, the Pushkara lake (name of a sacred place)

Note: Place where the action occurs

नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best of men (addressing an interlocutor, typically Rama) (O best among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best among men, chief of men

compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of praśasya (good)

स्नातुम् (snātum) - to bathe

(indeclinable)

infinitive

From root √snā

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Used with verbs of beginning, wishing etc.

समुपचक्रमे (samupacakrame) - she began (she began, she undertook)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (Lit) of sam-upa-kram

Perfect (Lit)

3rd person singular, middle voice, Perfect tense

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: The prefix sam indicates completeness or intensity, upa indicates proximity or initiation.