वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-62, verse-19

ब्रह्मणः स वचः श्रुत्वा विश्वामित्रस्तपोधनः ।
प्राञ्जलिः प्रणतो भूत्वा प्रत्युवाच पितामहम् ॥१९॥

19. brahmaṇaḥ sa vacaḥ śrutvā viśvāmitrastapodhanaḥ ,
prāñjaliḥ praṇato bhūtvā pratyuvāca pitāmaham.

19. brahmaṇaḥ saḥ vacaḥ śrutvā viśvāmitraḥ tapodhanaḥ
prāñjaliḥ praṇataḥ bhūtvā pratyuvāca pitāmaham

19. saḥ tapodhanaḥ viśvāmitraḥ brahmaṇaḥ vacaḥ śrutvā
prāñjaliḥ praṇataḥ bhūtvā pitāmaham pratyuvāca

19. Having heard the words of Brahmā, Viśvāmitra, who was rich in asceticism (tapas), stood with folded hands (prāñjali) and, bowing down, replied to the grandfather (Brahmā).

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahmā

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Viśvāmitra. (he, that)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra

• तपोधनः (tapodhanaḥ) - Describes Viśvāmitra. (whose wealth is asceticism, rich in penance)

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, respectful salutation

• प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - bowed, saluting, humble

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he answered

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - Refers to Brahmā. (to the grandfather)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahmā

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god); the Absolute Reality (brahman); sacred word/prayer

n-stem noun.

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Possessive for 'vacaḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Viśvāmitra. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Pronominal stem.

Note: In apposition to 'Viśvāmitraḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'śru' with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (a celebrated sage)

Compound: 'viśva' (all) + 'mitra' (friend). 'Friend of all.'

Note: Subject of 'pratyuvāca'.

तपोधनः (tapodhanaḥ) - Describes Viśvāmitra. (whose wealth is asceticism, rich in penance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tapodhana

tapodhana - whose wealth is penance, rich in asceticism

Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – penance, asceticism, austerity, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'Viśvāmitraḥ'.

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, respectful salutation

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands, performing the gesture of reverence (añjali)

Bahuvrihi compound 'prā-' (forward, before) + 'añjali' (folded hands).

Prefix: pra

Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'Viśvāmitraḥ'.

प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - bowed, saluting, humble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praṇata

praṇata - bowed, bent, humble, reverent

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra-nam' (to bow down).

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'Viśvāmitraḥ'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'bhū' with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

Formed with prefix 'prati-' and perfect stem of 'vac'. 'prati' + 'uvāca' (perfect of 'vac').

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - Refers to Brahmā. (to the grandfather)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather (especially paternal grandfather), creator of the world (Brahmā)

Note: Object of 'pratyuvāca'.